“…The learning objectives and learning outcomes are very diverse for each approach, and they show little development in inquiry skills, which is otherwise an important goal of the original IBL concept. Among the approaches, the application of project-based inquiry learning, game-transformed inquiry-based learning and simulation-based inquiry learning is present in primary and secondary schools (Chu et al, 2011;Kuang et al, 2020;Lester et al, 2014;Spires et al, 2012;Srisawasdi & Panjaburee, 2018;Wen et al, 2020), as well as in higher education (Bopegedera & Coughenour, 2020;Kennedy-Clarke et al, 2011;Bell & Trundle, 2008), while web-based collaborative inquiry learning typically occurs in secondary schools (Raes et al, 2012) and higher education (Xu & Xu, 2011). (Chu et al, 2011) Secondary school (Spires et al, 2012) Higher education (Bopegedera & Coughenour, 2020) Primary school (Hwang & Chen, 2017;Lester et al, 2014) Secondary school (Srisawasdi & Panjaburee, 2018) Higher education (Kennedy-Clarke et al,…”