Effects of Pulse Current on Endurance Exercise and Its Anti-Fatigue Properties in the Hepatic Tissue of Trained Rats

Abstract

Fatigue is synonymous with a wide spectrum of familiar physiological conditions, from pathology and general health, to sport and physical exercise. Strenuous, prolonged exercise training causes fatigue. Although several studies have investigated the effects of electrical stimulation frequency on muscle fatigue, the effects of percutaneous pulse current stimulation on fatigue in the hepatic tissue of trained rats is still unclear. In order to find an effective strategy to prevent fatigue or enhance recovery, the effects of pulse current on endurance exercise and its anti-fatigue properties in exercised rats were studied. Rats were subjected to one, three or five weeks of swimming exercise training. After exercise training, rats in the treated group received daily applications of pulse current. All rats were sacrificed after one, three or five weeks of swimming exercise, and the major biochemical indexes were measured in serum and liver. The results demonstrate that pulse current could prolong the exhaustion swimming time, as well as decrease serum ALT, AST and LD levels and liver MDA content. It also elevated serum LDH activity, liver SOD activity and glycogen content. Furthermore, pulse current increased the expression of Bcl-2 and decreased the expression of Bax. Taken together, these results show that pulse current can elevate endurance capacity and facilitate recovery from fatigue.

Exercise mitigates diclofenac‐induced liver mitochondrial dysfunction

“…Although unexpected, this slight increase can hypothetically be related to the fact that animals from VPA group had free access to running wheels until the time before sacrifice. Therefore, the consequent possible increased running activity of these animals in the period preceding sacrifice and blood collection could justify this possible transient alteration [26]. However, it conflicts with studies reporting no changes of these markers after chronic exercise [27].…”

The anti‑fatigue activities of Tuber melanosporum in a mouse model

“…The present study identified the anti-fatigue properties of TM in a mouse model by performing forced swimming, rotary rod and exhausted running tests, which are considered to be valid methods of evaluating the exercise capacity of mice (30). It was demonstrated that the same dose of TM had different effects in different tests, and TM was observed to have a non-dose dependent effect in the majority Table II.…”

Antifatigue effects of troxerutin on exercise endurance capacity, oxidative stress and matrix metalloproteinase‐9 levels in trained male rats

“…Thirty minutes after vehicle or drug administration, animals in the Exercise, Ex‐TRX75, Ex‐TRX150, and Ex‐TRX300 groups performed a regular and moderate swimming program with no weight loading in a columnar acrylic plastic pool (65 cm tall and radius 20 cm) with 40‐cm tap water depth maintained at 27 ± 1 °C . They trained 30 min on the first day, 45 min on the second day, and then 60 min/day, 5 days/week and training was maintained for 1 h from weeks 2 to 4 .…”

“…On the 30th day of the experiment, the weight‐loaded swimming test was performed to evaluate the effects of different doses of TRX on the endurance capacity of the animals as previously described . Briefly, 30 min after the last oral administration, rats were placed individually into a columnar acrylic plastic pool (65 cm tall and radius 20 cm) containing fresh water maintained at 27 ± 1 °C, approximately 40 cm deep so that rats could not support themselves by touching the bottom with their tails.…”