Effects of purple prairie clover (Dalea purpurea Vent.) on feed intake, nutrient digestibility and faecal shedding of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in lambs

Huang, Qianqian; Jin, Long; Xu, Z.; Barbieri, L.; Acharya, S. N.; Hu, Tianming; McAllister, Tim A.; Stanford, Kim; Wang, Y.

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.06.009

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Condensed tannins in PPC have been shown to possess strong anti- E. coli activity both in vitro [ 9 , 10 , 56 ] and in vivo [ 12 , 13 ]. Results of the present study were consistent with these previous observations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…is a native legume that is widely distributed in the North America prairie and contains high concentrations of CT (up to 94 g/kg DM). It has been shown that CT in PPC possess strong anti- Escherichia coli activity [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. In addition, PPC CT cause greater precipitation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and spinach ribulose 1,5-disphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco) [ 5 , 9 ] than CT from other plant sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Condensed Tannins from Purple Prairie Clover (Dalea purpurea Vent.) Conserved as either Freeze-Dried Forage, Sun-Cured Hay or Silage

Peng

Huang

et al. 2018

Molecules

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Conservation methods have been shown to affect forage nutrient composition and value, but little information is available about the effect of forage conservation on plant condensed tannins (CT). The objective of this study was to assess the effects of conservation method on the concentration, chemical composition and biological activity of CT. Whole-plant purple prairie clover (PPC, Dalea purpurea Vent.) was harvested at full flower and conserved as freeze-dried forage (FD), hay (HAY) or silage (SIL). Concentration of CT in conserved PPC was determined by the butanol-HCl-acetone method. Structural composition, protein-precipitation capacity and anti-bacterial activity of CT isolated from conserved forage were determined by in situ thiolytic degradation followed by HPLC-MS analysis, a protein precipitation assay using bovine serum albumin and ribulose 1,5-disphosphate carboxylase as model proteins and by an Escherichia coli (E. coli) growth test, respectively. Conservation method had no effect on concentration of total CT, but ensiling decreased (p < 0.001) extractable CT and increased (p < 0.001) protein- and fiber-bound CT. In contrast, hay-making only increased (p < 0.01) protein-bound CT. Regardless of conservation method, epigallocatechin (EGC), catechin (C) and epicatechin (EC) were the major flavan-3-ol units, and gallocatechin (GC) was absent from both terminal and extension units of PPC CT. The SIL CT had the lowest (p < 0.001) EGC, but the highest (p < 0.01) EC in the extension units. Similarly, SIL CT exhibited a lower (p < 0.001) mean degree of polymerization (mDP), but higher (p < 0.001) procyanidins (PC) than FD or HAY CT. The protein-precipitating capacity of CT in conserved PPC ranked (p < 0.001) as FD > HAY > SIL. E. coli growth n M9 medium was inhibited by 25–100 µg/mL of CT isolated from FD, HAY and SIL (p < 0.05), but preservation method had no effect on the ability of CT to inhibit bacterial growth. The results demonstrated that ensiling decreased the extractability and protein-precipitating capacity of CT by increasing the proportions of PC. Purple prairie clover conserved as hay retained more biologically active CT than if it was conserved as silage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Condensed Tannins from Purple Prairie Clover (Dalea purpurea Vent.) Conserved as either Freeze-Dried Forage, Sun-Cured Hay or Silage

Peng

Huang

et al. 2018

Molecules

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“…The in vivo antioxidant activities of tannins were also demonstrated in different animal tissues. Inclusion of forage containing CT improved antioxidant status of both cattle and sheep by increasing serum antioxidant activity ( Dutta et al., 2012 , Dey and De, 2014 , Huang et al., 2015 , Peng et al., 2016 ). Quebracho tannins in lamb diets improved the antioxidant status of muscle ( Luciano et al., 2011 ), liver and plasma ( López-Andrés et al., 2013 ) and enhanced meat color stability by delaying myoglobin oxidation during refrigerated storage ( Luciano et al., 2009 ).…”

Section: Biological Activity Of Tanninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential and challenges of tannins as an alternative to in-feed antibiotics for farm animal production

et al. 2018

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Naturally occurring plant compounds including tannins, saponins and essential oils are extensively assessed as natural alternatives to in-feed antibiotics. Tannins are a group of polyphenolic compounds that are widely present in plant region and possess various biological activities including antimicrobial, anti-parasitic, anti-viral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulation, etc. Therefore, tannins are the major research subject in developing natural alternative to in-feed antibiotics. Strong protein affinity is the well-recognized property of plant tannins, which has successfully been applied to ruminant nutrition to decrease protein degradation in the rumen, and thereby improve protein utilization and animal production efficiency. Incorporations of tannin-containing forage in ruminant diets to control animal pasture bloat, intestinal parasite and pathogenic bacteria load are another 3 important applications of tannins in ruminant animals. Tannins have traditionally been regarded as “anti-nutritional factor” for monogastric animals and poultry, but recent researches have revealed some of them, when applied in appropriate manner, improved intestinal microbial ecosystem, enhanced gut health and hence increased productive performance. The applicability of plant tannins as an alternative to in-feed antibiotics depends on many factors that contribute to the great variability in their observed efficacies.

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“…), a native legume to the North American prairie, has been shown to contain high concentrations of condensed tannins (CT). These phenolic compounds exhibit strong anti-Escherichia coli (E. coli) and anti-E. coli O157:H7 activity in vitro (Liu et al 2013;Wang et al 2013) and in vivo (Huang et al 2015;Jin et al 2015). Escherichia coli O157:H7 causes foodborne illnesses that are of significant health concern in North America (Bower 1999), generating annual health care costs of over US$200 million.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jin et al (2012) found that PPC CT at 59-94 g kg −1 DM had only a minor impact on the in vitro ruminal degradability of DM but reduced ruminal protein degradation. Huang et al (2015) found that PPC CT at 36 g kg −1 DM reduced total tract digestibility of crude protein (CP) but not organic matter (OM) or neutral detergent fiber (NDF) in sheep. However, several studies indicated that CT did not impair protein digestion and absorption in the small intestine and did not affect N retention (Wang et al 1994;Waghorn and McNabb 2003;Trujillo et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of conservation method on condensed tannin content, ruminal degradation, and in vitro intestinal digestion of purple prairie clover (Dalea purpureaVent.)

Huang

Jin

et al. 2016

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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In situ and in vitro experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of forage conservation method on the chemical composition, ruminal degradation, and intestinal digestion of purple prairie clover (PPC), which was conserved as freeze-dried forage (FD), silage (SIL), or hay (Hay). In situ dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and crude protein (CP) degradabilities were determined by incubating the forages in three rumen-cannulated heifers for 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 24, 48, and 72 h. Intestinal DM and CP digestions were estimated by incubating 12 h ruminal in situ residues in a modified three-step in vitro procedure. Ensiling decreased (P < 0.001) extractable condensed tannins (CT) but increased (P < 0.001) protein- and fiber-bound CT compared with FD and Hay. The ruminal disappearance of CP at 8 and 24 h was affected by conservation method (P < 0.001), ranked as SIL > FD > Hay. The effective degradability of DM was lower (P < 0.001) for Hay than for FD and SIL. Ensiling lowered (P < 0.001) whereas haymaking increased (P < 0.001) intestinal digestion of CP compared with the fresh PPC. There were no differences in intestinal DM digestion among the three conserved forages. The results suggest that PPC conserved as Hay may conserve the biological activity of CT via preserving extractable CT more than as SIL, thus having the potential to improve protein utilization in ruminants.

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Effects of purple prairie clover (Dalea purpurea Vent.) on feed intake, nutrient digestibility and faecal shedding of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in lambs

Cited by 21 publications

References 60 publications

Characterization of Condensed Tannins from Purple Prairie Clover (Dalea purpurea Vent.) Conserved as either Freeze-Dried Forage, Sun-Cured Hay or Silage

Characterization of Condensed Tannins from Purple Prairie Clover (Dalea purpurea Vent.) Conserved as either Freeze-Dried Forage, Sun-Cured Hay or Silage

Potential and challenges of tannins as an alternative to in-feed antibiotics for farm animal production

Effects of conservation method on condensed tannin content, ruminal degradation, and in vitro intestinal digestion of purple prairie clover (Dalea purpureaVent.)

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