Effects of rare earth modifying inclusions on the pitting corrosion of 13Cr4Ni martensitic stainless steel

Wang, Changgang; Ma, Renzhi; Zhou, Yangtao; Liu, Yang; Daniel, Enobong Felix; Li, Xiaofang; Wang, Pei; Dong, Jie; Ke, Wei

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2021.03.014

Cited by 73 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…According to the pitting mechanism of stainless steel, inclusions are one of the main reasons for the stress corrosion cracking [35]. Therefore, Al2O3-MgO inclusions are the main reason for the destruction of the Super 13Cr surface passivation film.…”

Section: Surface Characteristic Depended On the Acidification Durationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the one hand, the increasing Cr content would effectively improve the resistance to pitting at the defects of the matrix, but it would also decrease the sensibility of the stress corrosion cracking caused by pitting. According to the pitting mechanism of stainless steel, inclusions are one of the main reasons for the stress corrosion cracking [35]. Therefore, Al 2 O 3 -MgO inclusions are the main reason for the destruction of the Super 13Cr surface passivation film.…”

Section: Surface Characteristic Depended On the Acidification Durationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Influence of Pickling Treatment Parameters on the Surface State and Pre-Passivation Behavior of Super 13Cr Martensitic Stainless Steel

et al. 2022

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As a pre-treatment process in the pre-passivation of stainless steel, pickling treatment has a significant effect on the formation of the pre-passivation film. Thus, the surface composition and defects of Super 13Cr martensitic stainless steel (Super 13Cr) were evaluated under different pickling parameters to further improve the corrosion resistance of the pre-passivation film. The samples were prepared using the acid immersion method and by changing the immersion duration and the acid concentration. The inclusion and chemical composition on the Super 13Cr surface were characterized via a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The pickling treatment contributes little to the morphology, dimension, and other characteristic parameters of the inclusions. With the increasing duration and acidification concentration, the Cr content on the surface of Super 13Cr increases initially and then decreases. By contrast, the Fe content decreases initially and then increases. The pickling parameters corresponding to the lowest Fe content and the highest Cr content are identical, i.e., the exposure duration is 50 s and the acid concentration is 48 g/L. The pickling treatment in this case could be divided into two stages: outer film dissolution and inner film dissolution. The pickling parameters basically contribute little to the defects of martensitic stainless steel but can significantly affect the surface Cr and Fe content. Retaining the Cr-enriched inner layer could improve the content of Cr in the pre-passivation film and then improve the corrosion resistance of the film. Thus, compared with the original sample with native film, the corrosion resistance of the sample with a Cr-enriched inner layer improved by a factor of about 40.

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Section: Surface Characteristic Depended On the Acidification Durationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Surface Characteristic Depended On the Acidification Durationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Pickling Treatment Parameters on the Surface State and Pre-Passivation Behavior of Super 13Cr Martensitic Stainless Steel

et al. 2022

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“…The unique physical and chemical properties of REE can significantly improve the component parameters when REE are used in the production of components. For example, adding a proper amount of REE can improve the alloys properties during a metallurgy process [6][7][8]. When REE are mixed with nanomaterials that are used to manufacture solar cells, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells can improve greatly [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior and Mechanism of a Novel Hydrophobic Collector in the Flotation of Bastnaesite

Yao

Zeng

et al. 2022

Minerals

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In order to improve the recovery of rare earth elements, finding a collector with a strong selectivity ability had become the focus of research. In this paper, phenylpropyl hydroxamic acid (PHA) was used as a new hydrophobic surfactant collector for the separation of bastnaesite from calcite, and salicylic hydroxamic acid (SHA) was used as a reference collector. The results of a single mineral flotation test with SHA show that the reagent has good collection performance and selectivity. In addition, Zeta potential measurements and FTIR analysis show that PHA is adsorbed on the surface of bastnaesite by chemical adsorption, and the surface state of bastnaesite changes after PHA treatment. By XPS analysis, PHA interacts with Ce, and forms a Ce–O bond with Ce. It is speculated that the hydroxamic acid forms a five-element-chelated hydroxamic group with Ce on bastnaesite surface, so as to improve the hydrophobicity of bastnaesite, and make bastnaesite float more easily out of the pulp. According to DFT calculation, PHA has better adsorption capacity and stronger hydrophobicity than SHA, and shows superior electronic group capacity and chemical reactions that promote its flotation performance.

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“…The addition of rare earth (RE) to steel also affects the corrosion resistance of steel [46][47][48]. The REM addition reduced the surface electrochemical activity and the adsorption tendency of Cl − on the metal surface [47].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The REM addition reduced the surface electrochemical activity and the adsorption tendency of Cl − on the metal surface [47]. The addition of rare earth metals has a significant effect on both metastable and stable pitting processes [46]-the dissolution of inclusions induced the electrochemical activities of pitting corrosion and further inhibited the propagation of local corrosion [48]. Yang et al [49] studied the effect of cerium on the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of A36 steel sheet in a seawater environment (3.5% NaCl solution).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Rare Earth Metals Alloying on the Internal Quality of Industrially Produced Heavy Steel Forgings

Jonšta

Brožová

et al. 2021

Materials

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The paper presented the findings obtained by industrial research and experimental development on the use of rare earth metals (REMs) in the production of heavy steel ingots and their impact on the internal quality of the 42CrMo4 grade steel forging. REMs alloying was carried out after vacuuming the steel. A relatively large melting loss of cerium (about 50%) and its further decrease in casting due to reoxidation were observed. Refinement of structure and better mechanical properties of forged bar containing about 0.02 wt.% of Ce compared to that of the standard production were not achieved. The wind power shaft with content of about 0.06 wt.% of Ce showed high amount of REM inclusions, which were locally chained, and in some cases, initiated cracks. Four stoichiometrically different types of REM inclusions were detected in forgings, namely (La-Ce)2O2S + (La-Ce)O2 + SiO2 (minority); oxygen, phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony bound to lanthanum and cerium probably bonded with iron oxides La + Ce, MgO, Al2O3 a SiO2; (La-Ce)2O2S, FeO, SiO2, and CaO or CaS.

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Effects of rare earth modifying inclusions on the pitting corrosion of 13Cr4Ni martensitic stainless steel

Cited by 73 publications

References 40 publications

The Influence of Pickling Treatment Parameters on the Surface State and Pre-Passivation Behavior of Super 13Cr Martensitic Stainless Steel

The Influence of Pickling Treatment Parameters on the Surface State and Pre-Passivation Behavior of Super 13Cr Martensitic Stainless Steel

Behavior and Mechanism of a Novel Hydrophobic Collector in the Flotation of Bastnaesite

The Effect of Rare Earth Metals Alloying on the Internal Quality of Industrially Produced Heavy Steel Forgings

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