Effects of Raster Orientation, Infill Rate and Infill Pattern on the Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Materials

Dudescu, Cristian; Racz, Laszlo

doi:10.1515/aucts-2017-0004

Cited by 97 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Certainly, both maximum mechanical properties and minimum dimension errors are not achievable simultaneously. In fact, stiffness improves by increasing the infill density, while dimensional accuracy decreases (Dudescu and Racz, 2017).…”

Section: Overview Of Research On Fused Deposition Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of fused deposition modelling (FDM): research, development and process optimisation

Dezaki

Ariffin

Hatami

2021

RPJ

106

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review research studies on process optimisation and machine development that lead to the enhancement of final products in various aspects of the fused deposition modelling (FDM) process. Design/methodology/approach An overview of the literature, focussing on process parameters, machine developments and material characterisations. This study investigates recent research studies that studied FDM capabilities in printing a vast range of materials from thermoplastics to metal alloys. Findings FDM is one of the most common techniques in additive manufacturing (AM) processes. Many parameters in this technology have effects on three-dimensional printed products. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain the optimum elements, for example, build orientation, layer thickness, nozzle diameter, infill pattern and bed temperature. By selecting a proper variable range of parameters, the layers adhere strongly and building end-use products of high quality are achievable. A vast range of materials and their properties from polymers to composite-based polymers are presented. Novel techniques to print metal alloys and composites are examined to increase the productivity of the FDM process. Additionally, defects such as shrinkage and warpage are discussed to eliminate the system’s limitations and improve the quality of final products. Multi-axis and mobile machines brought enhancements throughout the process to eliminate obstacles such as staircase defects in the conventional FDM process. In brief, recent developments were identified and a summary of major improvements was discussed in this study for future research. Originality/value This paper is an overview that provides information about research and developments in FDM. This review focusses on process optimisation and obstacles in printing polymers, composites, geopolymers and novel materials. Therefore, machine characteristics were examined to find out the accessibility of printing novel materials for different applications.

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Section: Overview Of Research On Fused Deposition Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of fused deposition modelling (FDM): research, development and process optimisation

Dezaki

Ariffin

Hatami

2021

RPJ

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, knowing how to design for different manufacturing processes is an important but often overlooked skill, especially within AM, which could easily result in device failures [ 24 ]. To optimize part performance, the designer requires an understanding of the intended manufacturing technology, as well as the operation and control measures required during the process, to achieve optimal performance and quality [ 25 ].…”

Section: Risks and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covid-19: Additive Manufacturing Response in the Uk

Parry

Banks

2020

J. 3D Print. Med.

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, a novel coronavirus, caused global disruption specifically in linear supply chains. Increased demand for already disrupted services led to a global shortage of medical equipment and personal protective equipment. Use of additive manufacturing (AM) processes by the manufacturing community has shown great innovation, agility and flexibility to fill supply chain gaps and meet shortfalls. In the context of contingency reaction to a global healthcare emergency, decisions have had to be made quickly, in some cases bypassing device safety regulations. This concentrated and spontaneous use of AM has highlighted the challenges and risks of such innovation, which we discuss in relation to the UK’s current regulatory landscape. We have discussed lessons learned and the potential future impact upon wider use of AM in healthcare.

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“…The infill pattern and raster orientation have a significant impact on the mechanical properties of the FFF samples. Several studies [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ] investigate the influence of these parameters on the properties of FFF printed materials, mainly PLA, but also ABS. The experimental test performed in almost all cases is the tensile test.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Infill Pattern on the Elastic Mechanical Properties of Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) Parts through Experimental Tests and Numerical Analyses

2021

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Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) is one of the most extensive additive manufacturing technologies for printing prototypes or final parts in various fields. Some printed parts need to meet structural requirements to be functional parts. Therefore, it is necessary to know the mechanical behavior of the printed samples as a function of the printing parameters in order to optimize the material used during the manufacturing process. It is known that FFF parts can present orthotropic characteristics as a consequence of the manufacturing process, in which the material is deposited layer by layer. Therefore, these characteristics must be considered for a correct evaluation of the printed parts from a structural point of view. In this paper, the influence of the type of filling pattern on the main mechanical properties of the printed parts is analyzed. For this purpose, the first parts are 3D printed using three different infill patterns, namely grid, linear with a raster orientation of 0 and 90°, and linear with a raster orientation of 45°. Then, experimental tensile tests, on the one hand, and numerical analyses using finite elements, on the other hand, are carried out. The elastic constants of the material are obtained from the experimental tests. From the finite element analysis, using a simple approach to create a Representative Volume Model (RVE), the constitutive characteristics of the material are estimated: Young’s Moduli and Poisson’s ratios of the printed FFF parts. These values are successfully compared with those of the experimental tests. The results clearly show differences in the mechanical properties of the FFF printed parts, depending on the internal arrangement of the infill pattern, even if similar 3D printing parameters are used.

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Effects of Raster Orientation, Infill Rate and Infill Pattern on the Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Materials

Cited by 97 publications

References 12 publications

An overview of fused deposition modelling (FDM): research, development and process optimisation

An overview of fused deposition modelling (FDM): research, development and process optimisation

Covid-19: Additive Manufacturing Response in the Uk

Influence of Infill Pattern on the Elastic Mechanical Properties of Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) Parts through Experimental Tests and Numerical Analyses

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