Effects of Replacement of Soybean Meal by Fermented Cottonseed Meal on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Parameters and Immune Function of Yellow-feathered Broilers

Abstract

:The study was conducted to examine the effects of partially replacing soybean meal (SBM) by solid-state fermented cottonseed meal (FCSM) on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters and immune function of broilers. After inoculated with Bacillus subtilis BJ-1 for 48 h, the content of free gossypol in cottonseed meal was decreased from 0.82 to 0.21 g/kg. A total of 600, dayold male yellow-feathered broilers were randomly divided into four groups with three replicates of 50 chicks each. A corn-SBM based control diet was formulated and the experimental diets included 4, 8 or 12% FCSM, replacing SBM. Throughout the experiment, broilers fed 8% FCSM had higher (p<0.05) body weight gain than those fed 0, 4 and 12% FCSM. The feed intake in 8% FCSM group was superior (p<0.05) to other treatments from d 21 to 42. On d 21, the concentration of serum immunoglobin M in the 4% and 8% FCSM groups, as well as the content of complements (C3, C4) in 8% FCSM group were greater (p<0.05) than those in the SBM group. Besides, birds fed 8% FCSM had increased (p<0.05) serum immunoglobin M, immunoglobulin G and complement C4 levels on d 42 compared with bird fed control diet. No differences (p>0.05) were found between treatments regarding the serum biochemical parameters and the relative weights of immune organs. In conclusion, FCSM can be used in broiler diets at up to 12% of the total diet and an appropriate replacement of SBM with FCSM may improve growth performance and immunity in broilers.

Effect of Cottonseed Meal Fermented with Yeast on the Lipid-related Gene Expression in Broiler Chickens

“…Numerous studies have been conducted on the effect the supplementation of broiler diets with FCSM on growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility, immune function, digestive enzyme activity, and intestinal tract bacteria and morphology (Nie et al, 2011;Tang et al, 2012;Sun et al, 2013a,b). In our previous studies, we found that FCSM increased the levels of glycerol phospholipids, as determined by a metabolomics method based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, as well as reduced blood triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in broiler chickens (Nie et al, 2011(Nie et al, , 2013.…”

Growth performance and toxic response of broilers fed diets containing fermented or unfermented cottonseed meal

“…Tang et al (2012) This may result from the decreased gossypol content and the improvement in nutrient contents such as crude protein, lysine, free amino acid and small peptides, after CSM was subjected to the fermentation process (Table 2).…”

“…Recently, Tang et al (2012) and Gadelha et al (2014) reported that solid-state fermentation could be an effective way to decrease the content of FG in CSM and increase the broiler growth performance. But still, a little information is available about changes between TG before and after fermentation and the toxicity of gossypol residual and degradation products in fermented cottonseed meal (FCSM).…”

Nutritive and Feeding Value of Cottonseed Meal in Broilers – A Review

“…Total and free gossypol content of CSM varied from 1.16 -1.52 and 0.024 -0.82 per cent respectively (NCPA, 2002;Salas et al, 2013;Tang et al, 2012). Gossypol concentration is mainly controlled by the genetics of the cotton plant (Percy et al, 1996), but it also influenced by growing conditions, high temperatures throughout the development and maturation period depressed the gossypol content (Stansbury et al, 1956) and method of oil extraction process.…”