Effects of root endophytic fungus, Microdochium bolleyi on cadmium uptake, translocation and tolerance by Hordeum vulgare L.

Natural Fungal Endophytes From Noccaea caerulescens Mediate Neutral to Positive Effects on Plant Biomass, Mineral Nutrition and Zn Phytoextraction

“…Although, it is sometimes considered as a pathogen, it is also considered non-pathogenic in some cases ( Kirk and Deacon, 1987 ), with potential implications for organic matter mineralization, plant nutrition ( Mandyam et al, 2010 ), and biocontrol agents ( Jadubansa et al, 1994 ). Indeed, Shadmani et al (2021) recently demonstrated that M. Bolleyi could be exploited to improve the potential of barley for the remediation of Cd-contaminated sites. Trichoderma harzanium (DBF81) is a well-studied fungus used as a biocontrol agent in agriculture against plant pathogens and nematodes ( Lorito et al, 2010 ).…”

Characterization of cadmium-tolerant endophytic fungi isolated from soybean (Glycine max) and barley (Hordeum vulgare)

“…Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic metals among HMs and widespread pollutants of the surface soil layer ( Belimov et al., 2005 ; Hashem et al., 2019 ). In earlier reports, it has been shown that a lower concentration of Cd (0.5 mg kg −1 of soil) is considered as a beneficial mineral element for plant growth ( Kabata-Pendias and Pendias 2001 ; Shadmani et al., 2020 , 2021 ). However, higher concentration causes a broad range of biochemical and physiological dysfunctions such as reduction in photosynthesis, water and nutrient uptake that leads to the decrease of crop production.…”

“…However, higher concentration causes a broad range of biochemical and physiological dysfunctions such as reduction in photosynthesis, water and nutrient uptake that leads to the decrease of crop production. Agricultural crops grown in soil contaminated with Cd are characterized by disturbances of development: chlorosis, growth inhibition, browning of root tips, etc ( Prasad, 2004 ; Yadav, 2010 ; Shadmani et al., 2020 , 2021 ). Agricultural crops may accumulate various levels of Cd, e.g.…”

“…Agricultural crops may accumulate various levels of Cd, e.g. cereals (0.013–0.22 mg kg −1 ) and grasses (0.07–0.27 mg kg −1 ) ( Kabata-Pendias and Pendias 2001 ; Shadmani et al., 2020 , 2021 ).…”

“…Immobilization of HMs can occur due to a change in pH and redox potential of the medium, methylation, and dealkylation, the mobilization of phosphates or the production of polysaccharides, siderophores and other substances ( Ayangbenro and Babalola 2017 ; Aryal 2020 ). Additionally, microorganisms promote the launching of antioxidant protective reactions in plants and the improvement of nutrient uptake, which is eventually manifested in increasing plant stress resistance and productivity ( Shadmani et al., 2020 ).…”