Effects of rye bran, oat bran and soya-bean fibre on bile composition, gallstone formation, gall-bladder morphology and serum cholesterol in Syrian golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus)

Abstract

~The effects of rye bran, oat bran and soya-bean fibre on serum lipids, bile composition and gallstone formation were studied in male Syrian golden hamsters (Mesocvicetus auvatus). The control groups received fibre-free stone-provoking (01 diet) or non-stone-provoking ( 0 2 diet) diets. The serum cholesterol levels were lower for all groups fed on the diets supplemented with the dietary fibre sources compared with the control groups. The total content of bile acids in bile was higher in groups given ryebran diets compared with the corresponding controls. The proportion of cholic acid was higher and that of chenodeoxycholic and lithocholic acid lower in the groups given rye-bran-, oat-bran-or soya-beanfibre-supplemented diets, compared with the corresponding controls. The secondary : primary bile acid ratio was lower in the group given the rye-bran-supplemented 0 1 diet. The lithocho1ic:deoxycholic acid ratio was lower in the groups given rye-bran-, oat-bran-or soya-bean-fibre-supplemented diets than in the corresponding controls. A lower frequency of gallstones was observed only for the group receiving the rye-bran-supplemented 01 diet while the lithogenic index was lower in the groups given the rye-bransupplemented 0 2 diet. A decreased epithelial volume density of the gall-bladder and an increased smooth muscular volume density were observed in animals given oat-bran-and rye-bran-supplemented 0 1 diets, whereas for the soya-bean-fibre-supplemented 0 1 diet, only the smooth muscular volume density was increased.Rye bran: Oat bran: Soya-bean fibre: Bile: Serum lipids: Hamsters

Rye bread reduces plasma cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolaemic pigs when compared to wheat at similar dietary fibre level

“…Both types of high‐fat, high‐cholesterol buns increased plasma total and LDL cholesterol compared to the wash‐out period, but the rye buns blunted the increase and maintained a lower total cholesterol level relative to the wheat buns. The results support other studies showing a hypocholesterolaemic effect of rye products in hamsters,17, 18 rats,19 chickens20 and moderately hypercholesterolaemic men,21 but are in contrast to other studies with hamsters,22 human ileostomates23 and hypercholesterolaemic women 21…”

Effects of Different Cereal Fibers on Cholesterol and Bile Acid Metabolism in the Syrian Golden Hamster

“…On the other hand, Ripsin et al (1992) evaluated 20 human studies examining the cholesterol-lowering effects of oat fibers in a meta-analysis and found a potential dose-response relationship between the amount of soluble fiber and the degree of lipid reduction. Moreover, the cholesterol-lowering potential of oat products is well documented in many animal studies with rats (Shinnick et al 1990, Mälkki et al 1992 and hamsters (Kahlon et al 1993, Zhang et al 1994a. Numerous studies concerning the cholesterol-lowering effects of various barley fibers in chicks (Newman et al 1991, Martinez 1992, Wang et al 1992 and hamsters (Wang et al 1997) have been published, and they report significant reductions in plasma cholesterol, but there are also less conclusive results (German et al 1996).…”

“…In the present study, in addition to oat and barley fibers, rye bran was included because little is known about its cholesterolemic effects. Rye bran showed hypocholesterolemic and gallstone-preventing properties in hamsters (Zhang et al 1994a) but was less effective in a human study (Zhang et al 1994b). Rye bran contains less βglucan but more fiber as highly viscous arabinoxylans (Åman et al 1997).…”

Diet and gallstones in italy: The cross-sectional MICOL results†

“…The importance of diet in the pathogenesis of GS has been much debated. Information on this issue can be obtained from experimental, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] clinical, [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] and epidemiological studies. [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] These latter studies have mainly investigated symptomatic GS subjects who were aware of having GS or subjects who had been previously submitted to cholecystectomy.…”