Effects of Seat Belt Usage on Injury Pattern and Outcome of Vehicle Occupants After Road Traffic Collisions: Prospective Study

Abu‐Zidan, Fikri M.; Abbas, Alaa K.; Hefny, Ashraf F.; Eid, Hani O.; Grivna, Michal

doi:10.1007/s00268-011-1386-y

Cited by 65 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…[6] Vehicle occupants not wearing seatbelts are generally young, male, and have poor driving habits (driving under the influence of alcohol, speeding, previous road traffic collisions and driving offences). [6][7][8][9] We also found that seatbelt use decreased dramatically during night-time driving (Fig. 2), but this trend is also not unique to Cape Town.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…[12] Multiple studies have highlighted the association between seatbelt non-compliance and injury severity, mortality, and disposition from the emergency centre or trauma unit. [6,8,13,14] In a prospective study (N=766) in the United Arab Emirates, belted occupants had a lower mean ISS (6.1 v. 9.4; p=0.001), a shorter hospital stay (5.3 v. 9.6 days; p=0.005) and a lower mortality rate (1.5% v. 2.4%; p=0.075). [8] A study in the USA (N=23 920) evaluated the Wisconsin Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System (CODES) database and found that admission rates were twice as high and mortality rates three times higher in the unbelted group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9] The abovementioned studies [6][7][8][9] suggest that a subgroup of drivers exists who may place themselves, their passengers and other road users at risk for crash-related injuries and fatalities by intentionally engaging in multiple risky behaviours. [6][7][8][9] Whether SA seatbelt behaviour is comparable to these international examples is as yet unclear. What we do know is that rates of seatbelt use are significantly lower than the international standard for all vehicle occupant classes, which indicates that not wearing seatbelts may be less intentional than simply habitual.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Injury severity in relation to seatbelt use in Cape Town, South Africa: A pilot study

et al. 2014

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Corresponding author: D J van Hoving (nvhoving@sun.ac.za) Background. Injuries and deaths from road traffic collisions present an enormous challenge to the South African (SA) healthcare system. The use of restraining devices is an important preventive measure. Objective. To determine the relationship between seatbelt use and injury severity in vehicle occupants involved in road traffic collisions in Cape Town, SA. Methods. A prospective cohort design was used. Occupants of vehicles involved in road traffic collisions attended to by EMS METRO Rescue were included during the 3-month data collection period. Triage categories of prehospital patients were compared between restrained and unrestrained groups. Patients transferred to hospital were followed up and injury severity scores were calculated. Disposition from the emergency centre and follow-up after 1 week were also documented and compared. Results. A total of 107 patients were included in the prehospital phase. The prevalence of seatbelt use was 25.2%. Unrestrained vehicle occupants were five times more likely to have a high triage score (odds ratio (OR) 5.4; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.5 -19.5). Fifty patients were transferred to study hospitals. Although seatbelt non-users were more likely to be admitted to hospital (p=0.002), they did not sustain more serious injuries (OR 0.44;). Conclusion.The prevalence of seatbelt use in vehicle occupants involved in road traffic collisions was very low. The association between seatbelt non-use and injury severity calls for stricter enforcement of current seatbelt laws, together with the development and implementation of road safety interventions specifically focused on high-risk groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Injury severity in relation to seatbelt use in Cape Town, South Africa: A pilot study

et al. 2014

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“…A unique case number was used to identify each patient and the data entered into the database was anonymous. The patients of the present study are a subset of the cohort used for previously published research into other elements of the injuries sustained in road traffic collisions 7 . This study was approved by The Local Ethics Committee of Al-Ain Health district area (RECA/02/44) and was performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lee et al reported that restrained occupants who sustained an injury to the knee, thigh or hip were four times less likely to suffer from a serious intra-abdominal injury in a frontal-impact road traffic collision 6 . Although the advantages of the safety belt are well-established 7,8 , the relationship between lower limb injuries and other body regions is less well understood.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower limb and associated injuries in frontal-impact road traffic collisions

2016

Self Cite

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Objectives: To study the relationship between severity of injury of the lower limb and severity of injury of the head, thoracic, and abdominal regions in frontal-impact road traffic collisions. Methods: Consecutive hospitalised trauma patients who were involved in a frontal road traffic collision were prospectively studied over 18 months. Patients with at least one Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) ≥3 or AIS 2 injuries within two AIS body regions were included. Patients were divided into two groups depending on the severity of injury to the head, chest or abdomen. Low severity group had an AIS < 2 and high severity group had an AIS ≥ 2. Backward likelihood logistic regression models were used to define significant factors affecting the severity of head, chest or abdominal injuries. Results: Eighty-five patients were studied. The backward likelihood logistic regression model defining independent factors affecting severity of head injuries was highly significant (p =0.01, nagelkerke r square = 0.1) severity of lower limb injuries was the only significant factor (p=0.013) having a negative correlation with head injury (Odds ratio of 0.64 (95% CI: 0.45-0.91). Conclusion:Occupants who sustain a greater severity of injury to the lower limb in a frontal-impact collision are likely to be spared from a greater severity of head injury.

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Click it or give it: Increased seat belt law enforcement and organ donation

Brewer

2020

Health Economics

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Laws mandating that individuals wear a seat belt have the presumed goal of reducing motor vehicle accident fatalities, but the prevailing view is that they may reduce the number of organs available. I provide a conceptual model identifying mechanisms whereby the law could either increase or decrease organ donation. Exploiting variation across states and time in the adoption of primary seat belt enforcement, I investigate these mechanisms and estimate the effect of the law on the supply of organs. The law increases seat belt usage and decreases motor vehicle accident fatalities, which translates to a sizeable reduction in the number of motor vehicle accident-based organ donors. In contrast, the law is not associated with changes in the number of organ donors from nonmotor vehicle accident-based sources and is robust to controlling for hospital-specific effects. The effects are concentrated within organs expected to be most negatively impacted by the seat belt. Although primary enforcement represents a net-gain to society in terms of lives saved, the negative impact on organ donation suggests further emphasis be placed on policies aimed at increasing the availability of organs.

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Effects of Seat Belt Usage on Injury Pattern and Outcome of Vehicle Occupants After Road Traffic Collisions: Prospective Study

Abstract: Seat belt usage reduces the severity of injury, hospital stay, and number of operations in injured patients. Seat belt compliance is low in our community. More legal enforcement of seat belt usage is mandatory to reduce the severity of injury caused by RTCs.

Cited by 65 publications

References 27 publications

Injury severity in relation to seatbelt use in Cape Town, South Africa: A pilot study

Injury severity in relation to seatbelt use in Cape Town, South Africa: A pilot study

Lower limb and associated injuries in frontal-impact road traffic collisions

Click it or give it: Increased seat belt law enforcement and organ donation

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