Effects of Self-directed Exercise Programmes on Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review Evaluating Their Effect on HbA1c and Other Metabolic Outcomes, Physical Characteristics, Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Functional Outcomes

Byrne, Hugh J.; Caulfield, Brian; Vito, Giuseppe De

doi:10.1007/s40279-016-0593-y

Cited by 35 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…This finding could have relevance because it consolidates evidence supporting exercise as a powerful strategy for preventing type 2 diabetes, particularly in industrialised countries, which are suffering an epidemic of sedentariness. There is an extensive body of literature supporting the benefits of exercise training on cardiometabolic risk, and particularly on type 2 diabetes [47][48][49][50]. The main mechanisms behind this beneficial effect, in short, are that exercise increases insulin sensitivity in the trained muscle, and muscle work induces glucose uptake in the muscle [51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Physical Activity Interventions on Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) in Non-diabetic Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Physical Activity Interventions on Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) in Non-diabetic Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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“…Self-directed long-term exercise programs have shown to be effective in improving health outcomes when T2D patients become more independent and self-motivated [62]. However, since dose and intensity of exercise need to be met in order to trigger the health-enhancing effects of exercise, the supervision of the training sessions becomes very important when short-term exercise programs are employed and/or patients are not yet independent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concurrent Aerobic and Resistance Training Has Anti‐Inflammatory Effects and Increases Both Plasma and Leukocyte Levels of IGF‐1 in Late Middle‐Aged Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Annibalini

Lucertini

Agostini

et al. 2017

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is an age-related chronic disease associated with metabolic dysregulation, chronic inflammation, and activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a concurrent exercise training program on inflammatory status and metabolic parameters of T2D patients. Sixteen male patients (age range 55–70) were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 8), which underwent a concurrent aerobic and resistance training program (3 times a week; 16 weeks), or to a control group, which followed physicians' usual diabetes care advices. Training intervention significantly improved patients' body composition, blood pressure, total cholesterol, and overall fitness level. After training, plasma levels of adipokines leptin (−33.9%) and RBP4 (−21.3%), and proinflammatory markers IL-6 (−25.3%), TNF-α (−19.8%) and MCP-1 (−15.3%) decreased, whereas anabolic hormone IGF-1 level increased (+16.4%). All improvements were significantly greater than those of control patients. Plasma proteomic profile of exercised patients showed a reduction of immunoglobulin K light chain and fibrinogen as well. Training also induced a modulation of IL-6, IGF-1, and IGFBP-3 mRNAs in the PBMCs. These findings confirm that concurrent aerobic and resistance training improves T2D-related metabolic abnormalities and has the potential to reduce the deleterious health effects of diabetes-related inflammation.

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“…There is evidence that mitochondrial targeted antioxidants, resveratrol, exercise training, and caloric restriction help ameliorate the mitochondrial activity and insulin sensitivity in T2D (Apostolova & Victor, 2015;Escribano-Lopez et al, 2016;Larson-Meyer et al, 2006;Toledo et al, 2007). As shown in various studies, exercise can improve the insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial function (Byrne, Caulfield, & De Vito, 2017). In a study, researchers reported that endurance training with moderate and high intensity had a significant effect on the decreased levels of INFγ and TNFα in streptozotocin (STZ)-stimulated diabetic rats (Pasavand, Hosseini, & Farsi, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The effect of endurance training with crocin consumption on the levels of MFN2 and DRP1 gene expression and glucose and insulin indices in the muscle tissue of diabetic rats

et al. 2019

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This study aimed to investigate the effect of crocin consumption, high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and low-intensity continuous training (LICT) and their interactive effect on the gene expression of Mfn2 and Drp1 in the skeletal muscle and serum glucose and insulin indices in high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Fifty-six adult rats were divided into eight groups of seven subjects: crocin consumption, HIIT, LICT, HIIT with crocin, LICT with crocin, diabetic control, healthy control, and sham (placebo). At the end of the course (5 months), metabolic indices were measured. Moreover, the Mfn2 and Drp1 gene expression levels in all groups were measured using RT-PCR. The statistical analysis showed that in the exercise training (HIIT and LICT) and the crocin consumption groups, the glucose and insulin indices significantly improved (p = .005). Moreover, in these groups, the levels of gene expression of Mfn2 and Drp1 significantly increased and decreased, respectively (p = .001). Exercise training and crocin consumption appear to, either in combination or individually, have a beneficial effect on mitochondrial dynamics and diabetes by improving the mitochondrial fusion and fission indices (Mfn2 and Drp1), and by modifying the insulin resistance index and glucose homeostasis. Practical applicationsMfn2 and Drp1, as the main regulators of the mitochondrial fusion and fission, play an important role in maintaining mitochondrial dynamics and type 2 diabetes. Thus, the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics is an intricate process that retains the balance between mitochondrial fission and fusion, and any disturbance in this balance can lead to mitochondrial-associated diseases including insulin resistance and T2D. There is evidence that herbal antioxidants Including crocin and exercise training help improve the mitochondrial activity and insulin sensitivity in T2D. Considering the importance of the two Drp1 and Mfn1 genes in the mitochondrial dynamic pathway and coding the proteins that play a key role in relation to T2D, this study primarily examined the interactive effects of endurance training (HIIT and LICT) along with crocin consumption on the expression the genes mentioned above; the results obtained in this study can provide a new approach to the treatment of HFD + STZ-induced diabetic rats. K E Y W O R D Scrocin, Drp1, Mfn2, T2D, training

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Effects of Self-directed Exercise Programmes on Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review Evaluating Their Effect on HbA1c and Other Metabolic Outcomes, Physical Characteristics, Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Functional Outcomes

Cited by 35 publications

References 63 publications

The Effect of Physical Activity Interventions on Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) in Non-diabetic Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

The Effect of Physical Activity Interventions on Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) in Non-diabetic Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Concurrent Aerobic and Resistance Training Has Anti‐Inflammatory Effects and Increases Both Plasma and Leukocyte Levels of IGF‐1 in Late Middle‐Aged Type 2 Diabetic Patients

The effect of endurance training with crocin consumption on the levels of MFN2 and DRP1 gene expression and glucose and insulin indices in the muscle tissue of diabetic rats

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