Effects of sesame, canola and sesame‐canola oils on body weight and composition in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, triple‐blind, cross‐over clinical trial

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Recent investigations have proposed that sesame and canola oils might affect body fat distribution. The present study aimed to examine the effects of sesame, canola and sesame-canola (a blend of sesame and canola oils) oils on body weight and composition in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the context of a randomized, triple-blind, three-way, cross-over clinical trial.RESULTS: Eligible participants were randomized to replace their regular dietary oil with sesame oil (SO), canola oil (CO) and sesame-canola oil (SCO) (with 40% SO and 60% CO). Treatment periods lasted 9 weeks and were separated by 4-week washout periods. Body weight and composition were measured at the beginning, in the middle and at the end of each intervention phase. In total, 93 participants completed the study. After adjustment for confounders, within-period changes were observed following SO and CO intake for body weight (0.34 ± 0.16 kg and 0.33 ± 0.17 kg) and visceral fat (0.13 ± 0.06% and 0.13 ± 0.05%, P < 0.05), respectively. Body mass index was increased within SO intake (0.13 ± 0.05 kg m −2 , P = 0.031). All of the treatment oils resulted in reduced waist circumference and index of central obesity (P < 0.05). A significant difference in change values was observed for visceral fat between SCO (−0.14 ± 0.07%) and SO (0.12 ± 0.08%) treatment periods in females (P = 0.02).CONCLUSION: Sesame and canola oils might lead to a modest favorable body fat redistribution by reducing central adiposity, particularly in females; however, the changes were of little clinical importance.

The effect of sesame oil consumption compared to sunflower oil on lipid profile, blood pressure, and anthropometric indices in women with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized double-blind controlled trial

“…However, no significant differences in these indicators were observed between the two groups. In support of our results, in a well-designed study conducting by Raeisi et al, which assessed the effect of SO consumption for 9 weeks in adults, no change in body weight and BMI were observed [53]. Also, Yazdi et al showed similar results [54].…”

Sesame

“…Furthermore, in hypertensive individuals, overall effects on blood pressure were inconsistent. Despite the methodological weaknesses noted, trials administering sesame oil showed evidence of a trend toward correcting aberrant blood glucose and hemoglobin A 1c levels in subjects with diabetes and metabolic syndrome 76–79,87 . When markers of inflammation were measured in 3 studies, 69,70,87 there was no consistent influence of sesame oil consumption.…”

“…Despite the methodological weaknesses noted, trials administering sesame oil showed evidence of a trend toward correcting aberrant blood glucose and hemoglobin A 1c levels in subjects with diabetes and metabolic syndrome. [76][77][78][79]87 When markers of inflammation were measured in 3 studies, 69,70,87 there was no consistent influence of sesame oil consumption. In addition, in those trials that evaluated the impact of ingestion of sesame extracts on anthropometric measures, no consistent effect was reported.…”

Sesame

“…Moreover, sesame samples varied considerably in the form and manner that they were administered to participants. Specifically, sesame was provided as unground seeds, 61,90 seed powder, 48,60,66,68,74,86,88 oil incorporated into vegetable soup, 70 oil dispensed to individuals for inclusion in foods, 77 oil dispensed individually to patients for exclusive use as cooking oil, 80 bulk quantities of oil provided to households for use as the only edible oil in food preparation and cooking, 69,71,75,76,78,79 and sesame-containing food bars. 61 These differences in treatment methods are important to acknowledge, because they may alter the bioavailability of bioactives present in sesame products.…”