Effects of Sesamin on the Fatty Acid Composition of the Liver of Rats Fed N-6 and N-3 Fatty Acid-Rich Diet.

Fujiyama-Fujiwara, Yoko; Umeda-Sawada, Rumi; Kuzuyama, Mine; Igarashi, Osamu

doi:10.3177/jnsv.41.217

Cited by 32 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Consistent with the effects o f feeding diets contain ing sesamin [12], a 50% reduction in the A-5 desaturation index expressed as the ratio of AA/DGLA in animals fed SSO diets indicate that sesame oil consumption alone could inhibit A-5-desaturase activity. Further, the observation that the amount of DGLA accumulated in liver phospholipids of mice fed SSO diets was almost as much as that found in rats fed a diet rich in y-linolenic acid [26] suggest that sesame oil may be an alternate source of dietary fat to provide DGLA to the tissues.…”

Section: Fatty-acid Metabolismsupporting

confidence: 52%

Decreased Production of lnterleukin-1-Beta, Prostaglandin-E2 and Thromboxane-B2, and Elevated Levels of lnterleukin-6 and -10 Are Associated with Increased Survival during Endotoxic Shock in Mice Consuming Diets Enriched with Sesame Seed Oil Supplemented with Quil-A Saponin

Chavali

Zhong

Utsunomiya

et al. 1997

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Sesamin, present in sesame seed oil (SSO), can inhibit Δ-5-desaturase activity and cause accumulation of dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA), which displaces arachidonic acid, and subsequently decrease production of dienoic eicosanoids. The effects of diets containing both SSO and Quil A, a saponin that emulsifies fats and potentiates the immune responses, were also studied. A mixture of oils having a fatty-acid composition similar to that of SSO served as a control diet. The levels of docosapentaenoic acid in mice fed Quil-A-supplemented diets and of DGLA in those fed SSO diets were markedly higher in the liver. These changes were associated with a significant reduction in the plasma prostaglandin-E₁₊₂and thromboxane-B₂ levels in response to an intraperitoneal injection of a lethal dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin (LD₅₀ 20 mg/kg). The levels of interleukin (IL-)6 were elevated and those of IL-1β were decreased in mice consuming Quil-A-supplemented diets. The 1L-10 levels that were elevated in all mice after LPS exposure, remained higher (even at 9 h) only in those fed Quil-A-supplemented diets, but declined rapidly in others. During a 48-hour observation period following LPS injection, all control animals died, and survival was 40% in the SSO group, and 27 and 50%, respectively, in those fed Quil-A-supplemented control and SSO diets. These data suggest that SSO and Quil A when present in the diet exerted cumulative effects that resulted in a decrease in the levels of dienoic eicosanoids with a reduction in IL-1β and a concomitant elevation in the levels of IL-10 that were associated with a marked increase in survival in mice.

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Section: Fatty-acid Metabolismsupporting

confidence: 52%

Decreased Production of lnterleukin-1-Beta, Prostaglandin-E2 and Thromboxane-B2, and Elevated Levels of lnterleukin-6 and -10 Are Associated with Increased Survival during Endotoxic Shock in Mice Consuming Diets Enriched with Sesame Seed Oil Supplemented with Quil-A Saponin

Chavali

Zhong

Utsunomiya

et al. 1997

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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“…However, this reaction is slow and the extent of formation of AA from DGLA is dependent on the dietary and environmental factors. Preformed AA (from meat and dairy) [7], eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, from fish) [8], and sesamin [9] (from sesame seeds) inhibit the enzyme and thereby prevent formation of AA.…”

Section: Gamma Linolenic Acid (Gla)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma Linolenic Acid: An Antiinflammatory Omega-6 Fatty Acid

Kapoor¹,

Huang²

2006

CPB

293

160

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Inflammation plays an important role in health and disease. Most of the chronic diseases of modern society, including cancer, diabetes, heart disease, arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, etc. have inflammatory component. At the same time, the link between diet and disease is also being recognized. Amongst dietary constituents, fat has gained most recognition in affecting health. Saturated and trans fatty acids have been implicated in obesity, heart disease, diabetes and cancer while polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) generally have a positive effect on health. The PUFAs of omega-3 and omega-6 series play a significant role in health and disease by generating potent modulatory molecules for inflammatory responses, including eicosanoids (prostaglandins, and leukotrienes), and cytokines (interleukins) and affecting the gene expression of various bioactive molecules. Gamma linolenic acid (GLA, all cis 6, 9, 12-Octadecatrienoic acid, C18:3, n-6), is produced in the body from linoleic acid (all cis 6,9-octadecadienoic acid), an essential fatty acid of omega-6 series by the enzyme delta-6-desaturase. Preformed GLA is present in trace amounts in green leafy vegetables and in nuts. The most significant source of GLA for infants is breast milk. GLA is further metabolized to dihomogamma linlenic acid (DGLA) which undergoes oxidative metabolism by cyclooxygenases and lipoxygenases to produce anti-inflammatory eicosanoids (prostaglandins of series 1 and leukotrienes of series 3). GLA and its metabolites also affect expression of various genes where by regulating the levels of gene products including matrix proteins. These gene products play a significant role in immune functions and also in cell death (apoptosis). The present review will emphasize the role of GLA in modulating inflammatory response, and hence its potential applications as an anti-inflammatory nutrient or adjuvant.

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“…The nonfat portion of the oil contains considerable amounts of sesamin, sesamol, and other related lignans (2). Consumption of diets supplemented with sesamol (3) or sesamin results in significant inhibition of ⌬ 5 -desaturation of nϪ6 fatty acids and increases the accumulation of dihomo-␥-linolenic acid (DGLA), with a concomitant decrease in arachidonic acid (AA) concentrations, in mice (4,5) and in rats (6,7). Therefore, consumption of sesamin could increase the production of the lessinflammatory 1-series prostaglandins and decrease synthesis of proinflammatory 2-series prostaglandins, which depends on the availability of specific fatty acid precursors (8,9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of sesamin-supplemented dietary fat emulsions on the ex vivo production of lipopolysaccharide-induced prostanoids and tumor necrosis factor α in rats

Utsunomiya¹,

Chavali²,

Zhong³

et al. 2000

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Background: Sesamin, a nonfat constituent of sesame oil, inhibits ⌬ 5 -desaturase activity, resulting in accumulation of dihomo-␥-linolenic acid (DGLA), which displaces arachidonic acid (AA) and consequently decreases the formation of proinflammatory 2-series prostaglandins. Objective: We sought to determine whether dietary supplementation with sesamin augments the antiinflammatory effects of dietary linseed oil in rats. Design: We investigated the effects of continuous tube feedings of emulsions containing safflower oil or linseed oil with sesamin (SO+ and LO+) or without sesamin (SO and LO) on liver fatty acid composition and on endotoxin-induced production of prostaglandin E 2 , 6-keto-prostaglandin F 1␣ , and tumor necrosis factor ␣ (TNF-␣) by whole blood from rats (n = 6 per diet group). Results: We found a significant accumulation of DGLA only in the liver phospholipids of animals fed SO+ and LO+ (1.8 ± 0.2 and 1.4 ± 0.3 mol%, respectively), which suggests that sesamin inhibited ⌬ 5 -desaturation of nϪ6 fatty acids. These changes were associated with significant reductions in plasma prostaglandin E 2 concentrations in animals fed SO+ compared with those fed SO (P < 0.05). Despite a significant reduction in tissue AA content in the LO group, the prostaglandin E 2 concentrations did not differ significantly from those of the SO group. Plasma concentrations of TNF-␣ were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the animals fed LO+ than in those fed SO (199 ± 48 and 488 ± 121 ng/L, respectively). Conclusion: These data indicate that in rats, tube feedings of diets containing sesamin exerted antiinflammatory effects that were augmented by concurrent consumption of linseed oil. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;72:804-8.

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Effects of Sesamin on the Fatty Acid Composition of the Liver of Rats Fed N-6 and N-3 Fatty Acid-Rich Diet.

Cited by 32 publications

References 10 publications

Decreased Production of lnterleukin-1-Beta, Prostaglandin-E<sub>2</sub> and Thromboxane-B<sub>2</sub>, and Elevated Levels of lnterleukin-6 and -10 Are Associated with Increased Survival during Endotoxic Shock in Mice Consuming Diets Enriched with Sesame Seed Oil Supplemented with Quil-A Saponin

Decreased Production of lnterleukin-1-Beta, Prostaglandin-E<sub>2</sub> and Thromboxane-B<sub>2</sub>, and Elevated Levels of lnterleukin-6 and -10 Are Associated with Increased Survival during Endotoxic Shock in Mice Consuming Diets Enriched with Sesame Seed Oil Supplemented with Quil-A Saponin

Gamma Linolenic Acid: An Antiinflammatory Omega-6 Fatty Acid

Effects of sesamin-supplemented dietary fat emulsions on the ex vivo production of lipopolysaccharide-induced prostanoids and tumor necrosis factor α in rats

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