Effects of short-term high-intensity interval and continuous exercise training on body composition and cardiac function in obese sarcopenic rats

França, Guilherme de Oliveira; Frantz, Eliete Dalla Corte; Magliano, D’Angelo Carlo; Bargut, Thereza Cristina Lonzetti; Sepúlveda-Fragoso, Vinícius; Silvares, Raquel Rangel; Daliry, Anissa; Nascimento, Alessandro; Borges, Juliana Pereira

doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117920

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Obesity can impair skeletal muscle mass and function, due to an imbalance in the process of protein synthesis and degradation. Previous studies have produced conflicting results regarding the relationship between obesity and mTOR signaling (França et al, 2020;Han et al, 2023;Woo et al, 2016). Nilsson et al showed that obese animals had a blunted protein synthesis response to exercise, indicating that their muscle had become desensitized to the anabolic stimulus of exercise (Nilsson et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Obesity‐induced skeletal muscle remodeling: A comparative analysis of exercise training and ACE‐inhibitory drug in male mice

Proença,

Alexandre‐Santos,

Giori

et al. 2024

Physiological Reports

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Obesity over‐activates the classical arm of the renin‐angiotensin system (RAS), impairing skeletal muscle remodeling. We aimed to compare the effect of exercise training and enalapril, an angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor, on RAS modulation in the skeletal muscle of obese animals. Thus, we divided C57BL/6 mice into two groups: standard chow (SC) and high‐fat (HF) diet for 16 weeks. At the eighth week, the HF‐fed animals were divided into four subgroups—sedentary (HF), treated with enalapril (HF‐E), exercise training protocol (HF‐T), and combined interventions (HF‐ET). After 8 weeks of treatment, we evaluated body mass and index (BMI), body composition, exercise capacity, muscle morphology, and skeletal muscle molecular markers. All interventions resulted in lower BMI and attenuation of overactivation in the classical arm, while favoring the B2R in the bradykinin receptors profile. This was associated with reduced apoptosis markers in obese skeletal muscles. The HF‐T group showed an increase in muscle mass and expression of biosynthesis markers and a reduction in expression of degradation markers and muscle fiber atrophy due to obesity. These findings suggest that the combination intervention did not have a synergistic effect against obesity‐induced muscle remodeling. Additionally, the use of enalapril impaired muscle's physiological adaptations to exercise training.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity‐induced skeletal muscle remodeling: A comparative analysis of exercise training and ACE‐inhibitory drug in male mice

Proença,

Alexandre‐Santos,

Giori

et al. 2024

Physiological Reports

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“…However, the status of PAE is being challenged by HIIT. For instance, studies reported that, both in young and old people, HIIT was more effective than MssssICT in enhancing vascular function 133 and improving cardiorespiratory capacity; 140–143 oxidative stress of the myocardium after myocardial infarction can be better attenuated by HIIT than MICT; 144 and compared with MICT, HIIT displayed similar or greater impacts on reduction of adiposity, 65 , 145 increase in insulin sensitivity in obese people, 146 reduction of blood triglycerides (TGs) and glucose levels in older individuals, 138 , 147 and enhancement of immune system with significant reduction of the time commitment. 148 At the same time, both HIIT and MICT displayed similarly high rate of completion and attendance, and low rate of adverse events in patients with CVD.…”

Section: Comparison Between Hiit and Persistent Aerobic Exercise (Pae)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Animal experiment revealed that while phosphorylated mTOR protein levels of sarcopenic rats were similarly elevated by HIIT and MICT, HIIT group exhibited higher level of PGC1-α. 145 Both MICT and HIIT can strengthen the antioxidative system through inducing the expression of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), promote the function of mitochondria through upregulation of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) proteins, and sustain the calcium homeostasis, but only HIIT can significantly upregulate levels of autophagy-related gene (Atg)-3, microtubule-associated protein 1 light-chain 3-II (LC3-II), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), the Bcl-2/Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) ratio, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), p-AMPK, and ADP receptor 1. 74 Elevated expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-2/Bax ratio prevent age-related apoptosis of skeletal muscle cells, and elevated expression of Atg-3, LC3-II, AMPK and ADP receptor 1 indicated that HIIT had a greater potential than MICT to improve autophagy damaged by aging.…”

Section: Comparison Between Hiit and Persistent Aerobic Exercise (Pae)mentioning

confidence: 99%

High Intensity Interval Training: A Potential Method for Treating Sarcopenia

Liu¹,

Xie²,

Luo³

et al. 2022

CIA

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Sarcopenia, an age-related disease characterized by loss of muscle strength and muscle mass, has attracted the attention of medical experts due to its severe morbidity, low living quality, high expenditure of health care, and mortality. Traditionally, persistent aerobic exercise (PAE) is considered as a valid way to attenuate muscular atrophy. However, nowadays, high intensity interval training (HIIT) has emerged as a more effective and time-efficient method to replace traditional exercise modes. HIIT displays comprehensive effects on exercise capacity and skeletal muscle metabolism, and it provides a time-out for the recovery of cardiopulmonary and muscular functions without causing severe adverse effects. Studies demonstrated that compared with PAE, HIIT showed similar or even higher effects in improving muscle strength, enhancing physical performances and increasing muscle mass of elder people. Therefore, HIIT might become a promising way to cope with the age-related loss of muscle mass and muscle function. However, it is worth mentioning that no study of HIIT was conducted directly on sarcopenia patients, which is attributed to the suspicious of safety and validity. In this review, we will assess the effects of different training parameters on muscle and sarcopenia, summarize previous papers which compared the effects of HIIT and PAE in improving muscle quality and function, and evaluate the potential of HIIT to replace the status of PAE in treating old people with muscle atrophy and low modality; and point out drawbacks of temporary experiments. Our aim is to discuss the feasibility of HIIT to treat sarcopenia and provide a reference for clinical scientists who want to utilize HIIT as a new way to cope with sarcopenia.

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“…A meta-analysis suggested that HIIT results in a 28.5% greater reduction in total fat mass than moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) (Viana et al, 2019). AI training is also able to restore heart function in overweight athletes and improve body composition (França et al, 2020). HIIT was found to be effective for weight loss and reducing body fat in obese young men (Hemmatinafar et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Five-Week Aerobic Interval Training on The Body Composition of Pencak Silat Elite Athletes

Lubis¹,

Thongdaeng

Haqiyah

et al. 2022

IJKSS

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Background: Background: The direction of coaching is emphasized as a factor affecting the physical conditions of pencak silat martial arts athletes in all categories. One of the physical exercises that affects body composition is aerobic activity. Objective: This study aimed to examine the effects of aerobic interval (AI) training performed for five weeks on the body mass index (BMI), basal heart rate, and the VO2max of elite athletes. Methods: The study used an experimental design involving total sampling. Thirty national-level pencak silat elite athletes (17 men and 13 women) were involved in this study. Of the participants, 23 had a normal BMI of 18.5 – 24.9 kg/m2, and 7 had a BMI above 25 kg/m2 (overweight). Their average age was 23.67 + 4.10 years with an average height of 166.03 + 7.15) cm and average initial weight of 64.84 + 12.65 kg. They were in the preparation phase of their training. This experimental research used a one-group pre-test and post-test design. The Mi Xiaomi Body Scale 2 was used for bioimpedance analysis (BIA), and body composition (body weight, BMI, body fat percentage, bone mass, protein percentage, total water body percentage, visceral fat, body age, muscle mass, and basal metabolic rate [BMR]) and VO2max measurements were acquired using a multistage fitness test (MFT). The athletes lived in a dormitory where the food, type of training and exercise, and sleeping time were controlled to the exact condition. The AI training lasted 67–77 minutes per session, twice a week for five weeks, with vigorous intensity at 80–85% of the maximal heart rate, 5 minutes per interval, and 1 minute of rest between each interval. Results: The weight, BMI, body fat percentage, basal heart rate, and VO2max showed significant differences (p 0.05) after five weeks of AI training. However, AI training did not significantly alter muscle mass, percentage of water, percentage of protein, bone mineral density, or biological age. Conclusion: AI training performed for five weeks improved VO2max and decreased basal heart rate, body weight, and fat percentage.

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Effects of short-term high-intensity interval and continuous exercise training on body composition and cardiac function in obese sarcopenic rats

Cited by 13 publications

References 49 publications

Obesity‐induced skeletal muscle remodeling: A comparative analysis of exercise training and ACE‐inhibitory drug in male mice

Obesity‐induced skeletal muscle remodeling: A comparative analysis of exercise training and ACE‐inhibitory drug in male mice

High Intensity Interval Training: A Potential Method for Treating Sarcopenia

The Effect of Five-Week Aerobic Interval Training on The Body Composition of Pencak Silat Elite Athletes

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