Effects of simulated long-term N deposition on<i>Picea abies</i>and<i>Pinus sylvestris</i>growth in boreal forest

From, Fredrik; Lundmark, Tomas; Mörling, Tommy; Pommerening, Arne; Nordin, Annika

doi:10.1139/cjfr-2016-0201

Cited by 24 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…, From et al. ), thereby reducing light availability for ground vegetation, although the realization of such effects depends on forest management (e.g., thinning operations). High forest density and low light availability can suppress effects of eutrophication on the understory vegetation (Strengbom et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S1). Besides the direct eutrophication effects on the forest floor, nitrogen deposition can indirectly affect understory vegetation by enhancing tree growth (Thomas et al 2010, From et al 2016, thereby reducing light availability for ground vegetation, although the realization of such effects depends on forest management (e.g., thinning operations). High forest density and low light availability can suppress effects of eutrophication on the understory vegetation (Strengbom et al 2004, Verheyen et al 2012, which may explain why the disturbancefavored grass type declined, despite increased nitrogen availability.…”

Section: Driversmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Half a century of multiple anthropogenic stressors has altered northern forest understory plant communities

Hedwall

Gustafsson

Brunet

et al. 2019

Ecological Applications

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Boreal forests form the largest and least disturbed forest biome in the northern hemisphere. However, anthropogenic pressure from intensified forest management, eutrophication, and climate change may alter the ecosystem functions of understory vegetation and services boreal forests provide. Swedish forests span long gradients of climate, nitrogen deposition, and management intensity. This makes them ideal to study how the species composition and functions of other, more pristine, boreal forests might change under increased anthropogenic pressure. Moreover, the National Forest Inventory (NFI) has collected systematic data on Swedish forest vegetation since the mid‐20th century. We use this data to quantify changes in vegetation types between two periods, 1953–1962 and 2003–2012. The results show changes in forest understory vegetation since the 1950s at scales not previously documented in the boreal biome. The spatial extent of most vegetation types changed significantly. Shade‐adapted and nutrient‐demanding species (those with high specific leaf area) have become more common at the expense of light‐demanding and nutrient‐conservative (low specific leaf area) species. The cover of ericaceous dwarf shrubs decreased dramatically. These effects were strongest where anthropogenic impacts were greatest, suggesting links to drivers such as nitrogen deposition and land‐use change. These changes may impact ecosystem functions and services via effects on higher trophic levels and faster plant litter decomposition in the expanding vegetation types. This, in turn, may influence nutrient dynamics, and consequently ecosystem productivity and carbon sequestration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Driversmentioning

confidence: 99%

Half a century of multiple anthropogenic stressors has altered northern forest understory plant communities

Hedwall

Gustafsson

Brunet

et al. 2019

Ecological Applications

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“…Nonetheless, our results were the first to include annual N dep rates as a driver of long-term forest growth and provided a long-term perspective to studies in which the effects of nitrogen availability on stand growth and carbon uptake were experimentally explored over shorter time periods (e.g. Ferretti et al, 2014;From, Lundmark, Morling, Pommerening, & Nordin, 2016;Gentilesca et al, 2013;de Vries et al, 2009) or were compared by synchronic approaches among inventory plots characterized by different nutritional status (e.g. Solberg et al, 2009, Cienciala et al, 2016.…”

Section: The Role Of Nitrogen Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen deposition outweighs climatic variability in driving annual growth rate of canopy beech trees: Evidence from long‐term growth reconstruction across a geographic gradient

Gentilesca

Rita

Brunetti

et al. 2018

Global Change Biology

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In this study, we investigated the role of climatic variability and atmospheric nitrogen deposition in driving long-term tree growth in canopy beech trees along a geographic gradient in the montane belt of the Italian peninsula, from the Alps to the southern Apennines. We sampled dominant trees at different developmental stages (from young to mature tree cohorts, with tree ages spanning from 35 to 160 years) and used stem analysis to infer historic reconstruction of tree volume and dominant height. Annual growth volume (G ) and height (G ) variability were related to annual variability in model simulated atmospheric nitrogen deposition and site-specific climatic variables, (i.e. mean annual temperature, total annual precipitation, mean growing period temperature, total growing period precipitation, and standard precipitation evapotranspiration index) and atmospheric CO concentration, including tree cambial age among growth predictors. Generalized additive models (GAM), linear mixed-effects models (LMM), and Bayesian regression models (BRM) were independently employed to assess explanatory variables. The main results from our study were as follows: (i) tree age was the main explanatory variable for long-term growth variability; (ii) GAM, LMM, and BRM results consistently indicated climatic variables and CO effects on G and G were weak, therefore evidence of recent climatic variability influence on beech annual growth rates was limited in the montane belt of the Italian peninsula; (iii) instead, significant positive nitrogen deposition (N ) effects were repeatedly observed in G and G ; the positive effects of N on canopy height growth rates, which tended to level off at N values greater than approximately 1.0 g m y , were interpreted as positive impacts on forest stand above-ground net productivity at the selected study sites.

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“…Janssens et al, 2010;Vicca et al, 2012;Fernández-Martínez et al, 2014). Moreover, nutrient availability can modify ecosystem responses to global atmospheric and climatic changes, such as nitrogen (N) deposition (From et al, 2016), increasing CO2 levels (Norby et al, 2010;Terrer et al, 2016), warming (Dieleman et al, 2012) and drought (Friedrich et al, Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2017-372 Manuscript under review for journal Biogeosciences Discussion started: 2 November 2017 c Author(s) 2017. CC BY 4.0 License.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of soil properties and nutrients on conifer forest growth in Sweden, and the first steps in developing a nutrient availability metric

Sundert¹,

Horemans²,

Stendahl³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract. The availability of nutrients regulates terrestrial carbon cycling and modifies ecosystem responses to environmental changes. Nonetheless, nutrient availability is often overlooked in climate-carbon cycle studies because it depends on the interplay of various soil factors that would ideally be comprised into one metric. Such a metric does not currently exist. Here, 10 we used a Swedish forest inventory database that contains soil and tree growth data for >2500 forests across Sweden to test which combination soil factors best explains variation in plant growth, and to take the first steps in developing a nutrient availability metric. For the latter, we started from a (yet unvalidated) metric for constraints on nutrient availability that was previously developed by IIASA (Laxenburg, Austria). This IIASA-metric was developed for crops and uses only indirect indicators of nutrient availability. Our analyses revealed that soil organic carbon content (SOC) and the soil carbon to nitrogen 15 (C:N) ratio were the most important factors explaining variation in "normalized" (climate-independent) productivity.Normalized productivity increased with decreasing soil C:N ratio (R² = 0.02-0.13), while SOC exhibited an empirical optimum (R² = 0.05-0.15). The IIASA-metric was unrelated to normalized productivity (R² = 0.00-0.01), because the soil factors under consideration were not well implemented, and because the C:N ratio was not included. We upgraded this metric by incorporating soil C:N and adjusting the relationship between SOC and nutrient availability in view of the observed 20 relationship across our database. This upgraded metric explained a significant fraction of the variation (R² = 0.03-0.21; depending on the applied method) and thus opens up new opportunities to further validate and improve it with other datasets, from forests and from other ecosystem types, to ultimately develop a generic global nutrient availability metric.

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Effects of simulated long-term N deposition onPicea abiesandPinus sylvestrisgrowth in boreal forest

Cited by 24 publications

References 51 publications

Half a century of multiple anthropogenic stressors has altered northern forest understory plant communities

Half a century of multiple anthropogenic stressors has altered northern forest understory plant communities

Nitrogen deposition outweighs climatic variability in driving annual growth rate of canopy beech trees: Evidence from long‐term growth reconstruction across a geographic gradient

The influence of soil properties and nutrients on conifer forest growth in Sweden, and the first steps in developing a nutrient availability metric

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