Effects of smoking cessation on serum leptin and adiponectin levels

Abstract

Background: Evidence on the association of leptin and adiponectin and smoking is limited and discordant. Leptin and adiponectin represent the most abundant adipokines in human plasma that play crucial roles in the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis and insulin resistance. Leptin up-regulates the expression of several pro-inflammatory cytokines and is increased upon weight gain. Adiponectin has been shown to possess insulin sensitizing, anti -inflammatory and anti-atherogenic properties and is increased upon weight reduction. Our aim was to assess the effects of smoking cessation on serum leptin and adiponectin levels. Methods: We assessed the changes in serum leptin and adiponectin levels, serum CRP levels and BMI in apparently healthy smokers after 3 and 6 months of abstinence from smoking. Successful cessation was confirmed by an exhaled carbon monoxide measurement. 26 healthy non-smokers were recruited as controls. Results: Among the sample group, 32 subjects had quitted smoking at 3 months and 29 subjects at 6 months. Conclusions: Smoking quitters' leptin levels appear to increase 3 months after smoking cessation and then decrease from 3 to 6 months of abstinence from smoking. Adiponectin levels increase during the first trimester of smoking cessation. The decrease in CRP levels indicates that the low grade inflammation observed in smokers is gradually restored. The alterations of serum leptin and adiponectin after 6 months of smoking cessation suggest the same but do not reach statistically significant levels. Weight gain and changes in fat distribution may attenuate the beneficial effects of smoking cessation.

Leptin Levels in Lymph Node Aspiration Biopsy is a Predictor of Smoking Tendencies: A Pilot Study

“…There are multiple studies implicating the rela-tionship between Leptin and smoking, but to the best of our knowledge, ours is the rst study assessing the e cacy of Leptin as a biomarker for smoking status from lymph node ne needle aspirates. Previous studies have demonstrated smoking cessation results in increased Leptin and Leptin could be a signi cant contributor to the correla-tion between smoking and body mass index (BMI) [14][15][16]. It has been suggested that elevated plasma Leptin following smoking cessation may be due to either increased Leptin secretion from adipose tissue or decreased removal of Leptin.…”

Possible Role of Serum Leptin as Biomarker in COPD

“…Recently, some reports have linked leptin to tobacco craving and withdrawal-related symptoms. [19][20][21] Very few studies have examined leptin levels prospectively in accordance to the smoking habits in healthy individuals of both genders and in patients with COPD. In such a prospective study Lemieux A et al have found that leptin concentration en-hances during a period of 48 hours in females after quitting smoking, but remains stable in blood of non-smokers, in relapsers and in male abstainers.…”

“…19 Analogous results were reported by Kryfti M et al, who described an increase of serum leptin levels within a period of 3 months after smoking cessation and decreasing in the following 3 months (until month 6 after abstinence from smoking). 20 Reports have proven that smokers usually have a lower body weight compared to non-smokers. 21 Moreover, in most cases, smoking cessation is associated with weight gain.…”

A Review on Nicotine for Health: Insight for “Pro-Health” Nicotine Usage

“…Smoking also a risk factor for metabolic syndrome, yet smoking cessation is also causing weight gain which lead to obesity and diabetes, but nicotine is associated to appetite control; hence, nicotine is used in weight loss research [8][9][10][11][12][13]. Other doubt raised from cardiovascular department, where smoking paradox is found.…”