Effects of social deprivation on maternal behavior of rhesus monkeys.

Gl, Arling; Hf, Harlow

doi:10.1037/h0025221

Cited by 99 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Abused infants attempted to break contact with their mothers less frequently than did non-abused infants in the first 2 months, probably as a result of the frequent abuse experienced in the first weeks. In fact, Arling & Harlow (1967) showed that maternal abuse enhances infant clinging. The adaptive hypothesis also predicts an increase in the frequency of abuse with infant age and not a decrease, as observed in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maternal abuse of offspring was first reported by Harlow and co-workers in laboratory-raised rhesus monkeys and consisted of infant dragging, pulling, hitting or biting (Harlow & Seay 1966;Arling & Harlow 1967). The abusive mothers observed by Harlow also showed abnormal behaviour in social contexts including communication, mating, affiliation and aggression; these abnormalities were probably induced by human experimental manipulations such as early separation of infants from their mothers and rearing in conditions of severe social deprivation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Brown et al 1996) or reflect environment-induced pathologies (e.g. Arling & Harlow 1967). Although maladaptive animal behaviour is often the result of human manipulations, some behavioural pathologies are also expected to occur among animals living in natural environments with minimal human influence.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Parenting styles of abusive mothers in group-living rhesus macaques

1998

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Abstract. Maternal abuse of offspring in group-living monkeys was investigated to assess whether abuse of infants can be interpreted as an adaptive reduction of parental expenditure or as a behavioural pathology. I compared the parenting styles of 10 abusive and 10 non-abusive rhesus macaque, Macaca mulatta, mothers living in three large captive groups over the first 12 weeks of infant life. I also analysed the social interactions between mothers and infants and other individuals. Abusive females scored higher than controls on several measures of maternal protectiveness and rejection, indicating that they were highly controlling mothers. They also received fewer contacts and approaches from other individuals, and tended to be more aggressive and more interested in other females' infants compared to non-abusive mothers. Infant abuse was accompanied by similar or higher parental expenditure in the offspring rather than by a reduction in expenditure, as predicted by the adaptive hypothesis. Therefore, the results of this study support the hypothesis that infant abuse is a form of behavioural pathology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 97%

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Parenting styles of abusive mothers in group-living rhesus macaques

1998

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“…Subsequent research conducted in the same and in other laboratories identified several factors that affected the occurrence of inadequate maternal care in these "motherless mothers.' ' Early studies showed that mothers reared with peers were more likely to exhibit adequate maternal care than mothers reared alone in a wire cage or with a cloth surrogate (Arling & Harlow, 1967;Harlow, Harlow, Dodsworth, & Arling, 1966;Harlow & Seay, 1966). A subsequent study indicated that, among peer-reared mothers, females who had reacted to separation from peers with depression were more likely to subsequently display inadequate maternal care than females who had not become depressed in response to separation (Suomi & Ripp, 1983).…”

Section: The Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Child abuse and neglect: Usefulness of the animal data.

Maestripieri

Carroll²

1998

Psychological Bulletin

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This article reviews and critically discusses the relevance of animal data to research on child abuse and neglect. Although parental investment theory can be useful in investigating the adaptiveness, if any, of child abuse and neglect, the evolutionary approach also has some limitations. The most suitable animal models for investigating the psychosocial processes underlying child abuse and neglect are probably found among the nonhuman primates. Whereas the heuristic value of social deprivation paradigms may be limited, recent studies suggest that the spontaneous occurrence of infant maltreatment in monkeys may be the closest approximation to child maltreatment provided by nonhuman animals. The investigation of adaptive and maladaptive processes in the parenting behavior of socially living nonhuman primates can inform research on child abuse and neglect and allow investigators to conduct studies that would be difficult or impossible in humans.

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“…F ollowing early soeial isolation, female guinea pigs display typical mating . behavior (Harper, 1968), while rhesus monkeys do not (Arling & Harlow, 1967). To date, no physiological explanation has been pul forward to aeeount for these speeies differences.…”

Section: Results Qualitative Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%