Effects of Solar Radiation on the Performance of Maize in 41 Successive Monthly Plantings in Hawaii
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Jong, Seung Keun; Brewbaker, J. L.; Lee, Chong Hee

doi:10.2135/cropsci1982.0011183x002200010004x

Cited by 36 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…The mean annual solar irradiation is 1613 J m −2 sec −1 with lowest averages of 1110 occurring in winter. Solar irradiation thus is the major limiting factor for the productivity of maize in Hawaii, and particularly for temperate varieties ( Jong et al, 1982;Brewbaker, 2003b). Replicated yield trials of sweet and field maize hybrids at this location have consistently showed little or no replication variance ( Jong et al, 1982).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity and Genetics of Tassel Branch Numbers in Maize

Brewbaker

2015

Crop Science

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The diversity and genetics of tassel branch numbers (TBN) in maize (Zea mays L.) were evaluated in a series of five studies. Diversity was assessed in races and inbreds and genetics assessed in diallels, generation mean analyses (GMAs), near‐isogenic lines (NILs), and recombinant inbred lines (RILs). High diversity characterized 215 tropical maize races that averaged 27.0 ± 3.27 TBN and 80 modern inbreds that averaged 14.8 ± 1.45 TBN. There was a close correlation between TBN values and husk numbers (r = 0.674). Both were much higher in tropical lowlands than in highlands. Correlations of the native elevations of races were r = −0.465 for TBN and r = −0.732 for husk numbers. Reduced tassel size and branch numbers have been viewed as advantages for grain yield, but this could also be attributed to the correlation with husk numbers. The related genetic controls of meristematic activity in tassel and ear are implicated. Heritability studies included an eight‐entry diallel, five sets of progenies for GMA analysis, three sets of RILs, and evaluation of 169 NILs of inbred Hi27. A new mutant Brta (branched tassel) on Chromosome 2 was identified that doubled branch numbers. Inbred TBNs were highly correlated with means of their hybrids (r = 0.918); mean square ratios of general combining ability (GCA) to specific combining ability (SCA) averaged 11.2; and heritability values were high (h = 67%) with negligible dominance and epistasis effects. Midparent heterosis for TBN was high (32%). Variances and means were highly correlated (r = 0.677) and CVs low (average 10.4%). The RIL segregations were interpreted on the basis of three or four quantitative trait loci (QTLs) biased by high‐variance –mean correlations. Inheritance of TBN is concluded to involve additive polygenic systems that could involve many loci in the genus Zea. Reducing TBN in tropical maize offers little challenge to breeders, but seems of doubtful value.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The TBN data on inbreds and other genotypes came from trials largely confined to "summer" months of March to November ( Jong et al, 1982). An average of 16 such trials has been planted annually since 1980 to provide observational data like those of TBN.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and Genetics of Tassel Branch Numbers in Maize

Brewbaker

2015

Crop Science

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“…S. sesban plots produced the best yields, averaging over 2.0 t/ha. Yields were very low compared to the 8 to 10 t/ha yields obtained on the same fields at Waimanalo, under high fertilizer levels ] Jong et al, 1982]. However, the 0.5-2.0 t/ha yields are typical of those in developing countries [Brewbaker, 1985].…”

Section: Grain Yieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alley cropping of maize with nine leguminous trees

1992

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A maize-leguminous tree alley cropping system was studied on N-deficient soils in Hawaii to determine mulch effects on maize yields. Calliandra calothyrsus, Cajanus cajan, Cassia siamea, Gliricidia sepium, KX1 --Leucaena hybrid (L. pallida X L. diversifolia), L. leucocephala, L. pallida, L. salvadorensis, and Sesbania sesban were evaluated for green manure and yield of intercropped maize. S. sesban, G. sepium, L. pallida, and KX1 produced between 5 and 12 dry t/ha/yr green manure with nitrogen yields between 140 and 275 kg N/ha in 4 prunings.Maize yields responded linearly to nitrogen applied as green manure. Maize yield increased 12 kg for each kg of nitrogen applied. Additions of prunings from hedge rows were able to support maize grain yields at about 1800 kg/ha for two consecutive cropping seasons, while control plot yields averaged less than 600 kg/ha. Maize yields reflected the amount of nitrogen applied as green manure, regardless of tree species from which the nitrogen was derived.In March, maize yields decreased 34% in the row spaced 40 cm from the hedge, relative to the one spaced 110 cm away. In July, increasing the distance away from the hedge to 60 cm and coppicing the hedge earlier in maize growth, significantly improved grain yield. Grain yields decreased only 10% in the row closest to the trees.

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“…], is due to variation in the number of seeds per unit area, with a much smaller contribution from seed size ( Jong et al, 1982;Egli, 1998, p. 76-78;Calvino et al, 2003;Slafer et al, 2006;Peltonen-Sainio et al, 2007). ], is due to variation in the number of seeds per unit area, with a much smaller contribution from seed size ( Jong et al, 1982;Egli, 1998, p. 76-78;Calvino et al, 2003;Slafer et al, 2006;Peltonen-Sainio et al, 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

Soybean Reproductive Sink Size and Short‐term Reductions in Photosynthesis during Flowering and Pod Set

Egli

2010

Crop Science

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The number of pods and seeds produced by soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is related to canopy photosynthesis during flowering. The effect of low photosynthesis during only a portion of flowering (growth stage R1 to R5), however, is not well defined. Two field experiments were conducted at Lexington, KY (38°N), with seeds sown in mid‐May in 0.76‐m rows (20 seeds m−1 of row) and all plots irrigated as needed. In 2005/2006, plants (cultivars Pennyrile and Ripley) were shaded (60% in 2005 and 80% in 2006) for 4‐ to 9‐d periods just before or just after peak pod production. These treatments had almost no effect on seed number (significant reduction in only one of eight comparisons). In a second experiment (cv. Pennyrile, 2007/2008), shade cloth (60%) was placed over plants at growth stage R1.6 and removed at 7‐d intervals. The first 7 d of shade did not affect seed number, but 14 d of shade ending at roughly growth stage R3.0 reduced seed number by 16% and longer periods caused proportionally larger reductions. When shade cloth (80%) was put in place at 7‐d intervals (starting at R3.4) and left in place until maturity, seed number was reduced until the last treatment (put in place 4–7 d after the beginning of growth stage R6). Seed number was tolerant of short periods (4–9 d) of low assimilate supply during flowering, but could not recover from longer periods of shade (≥14 d), even when they occurred relatively early in the flowering period.

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Effects of Solar Radiation on the Performance of Maize in 41 Successive Monthly Plantings in Hawaii ¹

Cited by 36 publications

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Diversity and Genetics of Tassel Branch Numbers in Maize

Diversity and Genetics of Tassel Branch Numbers in Maize

Alley cropping of maize with nine leguminous trees

Soybean Reproductive Sink Size and Short‐term Reductions in Photosynthesis during Flowering and Pod Set

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Effects of Solar Radiation on the Performance of Maize in 41 Successive Monthly Plantings in Hawaii 1

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

Diversity and Genetics of Tassel Branch Numbers in Maize

Diversity and Genetics of Tassel Branch Numbers in Maize

Alley cropping of maize with nine leguminous trees

Soybean Reproductive Sink Size and Short‐term Reductions in Photosynthesis during Flowering and Pod Set

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Effects of Solar Radiation on the Performance of Maize in 41 Successive Monthly Plantings in Hawaii ¹