Effects of Spermidine on Mouse Gut Morphology, Metabolites, and Microbial Diversity

Abstract

Spermidine is a class of biologically active organic small molecules that play an important role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. The specific objective of this study was to explore the effects of spermidine on intestinal morphology, metabolites, and microbial diversity in mice. We showed that 0.3 mmol/L of spermidine significantly promoted the growth of ileal villi (p < 0.05), and 3.0 mmol/L of spermidine significantly increased the body weight of mice and promoted the growth of jejunum villi (p < 0.05). The 16S rDNA sequencing results indicated that 3.0 mmol/L of spermidine affected the balance of the intestinal flora by increasing the abundance of intestinal Lactic acid bacteria and reducing the abundance of harmful bacteria (Turicibacter and Alistipes). Additionally, spermidine affects the levels of microbial metabolites such as succinic acid and Pantetheine. In summary, spermidine affects intestinal morphology and regulates intestinal flora and metabolites, and this study has provided a new understanding of spermidine’s effects on the intestinal tract.

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“…In β-alanine metabolism pathway, spermidine could induce the production of pantetheine and activate the biosynthesis of pantothenate and coenzyme A (CoA) (Jiang et al. 2023 ). Pantothenic acid, as a type of vitamin B, is prosthetic group of coenzyme A and a part of acyl carrier proteins, and is involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in the body (Zhang et al.…”