Effects of starvation in rats with elevated DDT and dieldrin tissue levels

Deichmann, William B.; MacDonald, W.E.; Cubit, D.A.; Beasley, Alfreda

doi:10.1007/bf00539251

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Much of any chemical-induced weight gain may come from increases in the overall proportion of body fat. In one animal study, the pesticide dieldrin more than doubled the total body-fat content of treated mice [22]. Another study showed that a pesticide, commonly known as lindane, induced obesity in animals [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine Disruptors and Obesity: An Examination of Selected Persistent Organic Pollutants in the NHANES 1999–2002 Data

Elobeid

Padilla

Brock

et al. 2010

IJERPH

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Recent evidence suggests that endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may cause perturbations in endogenous hormonal regulation that predispose to weight gain. Using data from NHANES (1999–2002), we investigated the association between body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and selected persistent organic pollutants (POPs) via multiple linear regressions. Consistent interaction was found between gender, ln oxychlordane and ln p,p’ DDT. Also, we found an association between WC and ln oxychlordane and ln hpcdd in subjects with detectable levels of POPs, whereas an association between WC and ln p,p’ DDT was observed in all subjects. Furthermore, ln Ocdd showed an increase with higher WC and BMI, whereas, ln trans-nonachlor decreased with higher BMI. Hence, BMI and WC are associated with POPs levels, making the chemicals plausible contributors to the obesity epidemic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine Disruptors and Obesity: An Examination of Selected Persistent Organic Pollutants in the NHANES 1999–2002 Data

Elobeid

Padilla

Brock

et al. 2010

IJERPH

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“…Many additional factors have also been reported to contribute to the obesity epidemic, including OC compound exposure, use of artificial sweeteners, consumption of soft drinks (both sugar-sweetened and diet), alterations of the microbiome, use of medications, epigenetic changes due to an obesogenic environment in utero, environmental exposure to endocrine disruptors, indoor air conditioning, and chronic sleep deprivation (Cizza and Rother, 2012; La Merrill and Birnbaum, 2011; Decherf and Demeneix, 2011; Birnbaum, 2013; Swithers et al, 2010). For many years, exposure to OC pesticides including lindane (Chadwick et al, 1988), DDT (Deichmann et al, 1972), aldrin (Deichmann et al, 1972), and hexachlorobenzene (Villeneuve et al, 1977) was associated with elevated body weight gain in rodent models. In humans, prenatal exposure to DDE (dichlorodiphenyl-dichloroethylene), a metabolite of DDT, was linked to increased body weight of female offspring (Karmaus et al, 2009).…”

Section: Effects Of Sucralose On Glucose Transport and Other Parametementioning

confidence: 99%

Sucralose, A Synthetic Organochlorine Sweetener: Overview Of Biological Issues

Schiffman

Rother

2013

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B

137

107

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Sucralose is a synthetic organochlorine sweetener (OC) that is a common ingredient in the world's food supply. Sucralose interacts with chemosensors in the alimentary tract that play a role in sweet taste sensation and hormone secretion. In rats, sucralose ingestion was shown to increase the expression of the efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and two cytochrome P-450 (CYP) isozymes in the intestine. P-gp and CYP are key components of the presystemic detoxification system involved in first-pass drug metabolism. The effect of sucralose on first-pass drug metabolism in humans, however, has not yet been determined. In rats, sucralose alters the microbial composition in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), with relatively greater reduction in beneficial bacteria. Although early studies asserted that sucralose passes through the GIT unchanged, subsequent analysis suggested that some of the ingested sweetener is metabolized in the GIT, as indicated by multiple peaks found in thin-layer radiochromatographic profiles of methanolic fecal extracts after oral sucralose administration. The identity and safety profile of these putative sucralose metabolites are not known at this time. Sucralose and one of its hydrolysis products were found to be mutagenic at elevated concentrations in several testing methods. Cooking with sucralose at high temperatures was reported to generate chloropropanols, a potentially toxic class of compounds. Both human and rodent studies demonstrated that sucralose may alter glucose, insulin, and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) levels. Taken together, these findings indicate that sucralose is not a biologically inert compound.

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“…The association between PCBs and obesity, particularly abdominal obesity is supported by several animal studies suggesting that exposure to these compounds alter mechanisms involved in weight homeostasis [31][32][33][34]. However, our knowledge of the effects of environmental chemicals including PCBs on weight gain in humans has not been fully elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Endocrine disrupting compounds are thought to cause obesity by a variety of mechanisms such as altering homeostatic metabolic set points or disrupting appetite controls studies [31][32][33][34] but knowledge of these mechanisms in humans remains limited. One previous study has investigated these associations in the elderly [9], reporting linear relationships for low-chlorinated PCBs (4-5 chlorine atoms) and inverse relationships for highly chlorinated (≥ 7 chlorine atoms) PCBs measured in serum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations in adipose tissue as determinants of abdominal obesity in the elderly

Bräuner¹,

Raaschou‐Nielsen²,

Andersen³

et al. 2013

J Environ Occup Sci

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Obesity affects life quality and impacts the risks and prognosis for a number of serious diseases. Established causes include a high caloric diet combined with a sedentary lifestyle and possibly the widespread cessation of smoking. These do not fully explain the epidemic and evidence from animal experiments suggests PCBs predict obesity development. Knowledge on effects of these compounds as determinants of human abdominal obesity is limited.Methods: In the current study we investigated whether low dose exposure to PCBs in adipose tissue experienced by a general Danish population predicted increased abdominal circumference. We used 214 persons, aged ≥ 50 years that had previously been used as healthy controls in a study investigating PCBs and risk of non-Hodgkins lymphoma. Adipose tissue was collected upon enrolment and PCBs were quantified using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Results: Median levels of the included PCBs were lower in women, except for PCB118. All PCBs were positively associated with increased abdominal circumference, although this association was non-significant. Conclusion: These data indicate a positive link between PCBs and increased abdominal circumference. More work is needed to elucidate the role of compounds such as PCBs in development of the present obesity epidemic.

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Effects of starvation in rats with elevated DDT and dieldrin tissue levels

Cited by 16 publications

References 4 publications

Endocrine Disruptors and Obesity: An Examination of Selected Persistent Organic Pollutants in the NHANES 1999–2002 Data

Endocrine Disruptors and Obesity: An Examination of Selected Persistent Organic Pollutants in the NHANES 1999–2002 Data

Sucralose, A Synthetic Organochlorine Sweetener: Overview Of Biological Issues

Polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations in adipose tissue as determinants of abdominal obesity in the elderly

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