Effects of starvation on kidney melano-macrophage centre in olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck and Schlegel)

Abstract

We investigated the in£uence of nutritional conditions on histological changes in melano-macrophage (MM) accumulation in the kidney caused by longterm starvation. These data were used to determine nutritional indices for olive £ounder, Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck and Schlegel).Experimental groups were established: control, fed and starved. All ¢sh were fed daily with commercial feed at 1^3% of their total body weight for 2 weeks before the start of the experiment (initial control). The control group received feed at 1^3% of their total body weight and the fed group received feed ad libitum, while the starved group fasted throughout the experiment. Ten ¢sh were removed from the initial control at the start of the experiment and each of the three groups every 4 weeks during the 12 weeks of the experiment to examine to investigate kidney MM accumulation.Kidney MMs with dark brown pigment were randomly distributed in the kidneys of starved ¢sh, increasing rapidly after week 4, while deposition levels remained low throughout the experiment in the control and fed groups. These results suggest that catabolic tissue breakdown is a major factor contributing to the formation of pigments within MMs. These results suggest that the degree of MMs deposition in the kidney can be used as alternative indicators to identify starvation in wild and cultured olive £ounder.

Do Spleen Macrophage Aggregates Undergo Season-Dependent Changes? A Stereomicroscopic Investigation in Wild Ohrid Trout (Salmo Letnica Kar.)

“…Starvation-induced increase in the degree of MACs deposition in different visceral organs, especially the spleen was noted in Pleuronectes plalessa, Salmo gairdneri, Xiphophorus helleri, Tilapia zillii, as well as in Scyliorhinus canicula [31], Cyprinus carpio [15], wild and hatchery-reared Oncorhynchus masou [32], Paralichthys olivaceus [33] and in n -3 highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) deficiencies in Sparus aurata juveniles [16]. Nevertheless, the season as a natural factor is far more complex than the influence of only the two factors mention above.…”

Histopathology from liver of tuvira ( Gymnotus spp.) parasitized by larvae of nematodes

“…It forms large aggregates and increases in size after active phagocytosis of heterogeneous materials such as detritus, melanin (brown or black color), ceroid or hemosiderin and lipofuscin (natural yellowish color or blue) (AGIUS, 1980;MUNSHI & DUTTA, 1996). Are utilized as bioindicators of water pollution (AYOADE & ICULALA, 2007;BALAMURUGAN et al, 2012), as well as stressful factor indicators (HUR et al, 2006;ALAGAPPAN et al, 2009).…”

Physiological and immunological characterization of Caribbean spiny lobsters Panulirus argus naturally infected with Panulirus argus Virus 1 (PaV1)

“…Some of these nodules were covered with melanin pigment, which could be produced by PaV1 infection. Melanization implies the activation of the proPO system by microbial components and hence is considered to be a mechanism against pathogens (Agius & Roberts 2003, Hur et al 2006. For example, Stentiford & Feist (2005) found melanized nodules in the hepatopancreas of Cran-gon crangon shrimps infected with intranuclear bacilliformus virus.…”