Effects of Static Fixation and Dynamization after Interlocking Femoral Nailing Locked with an External Fixator: An Experimental Study in Dogs

Abstract

ILN locked with a type I ESF is seemingly a feasible method for repair of mid-shaft femoral fractures and may decrease risk of nail failure.

Treatment of comminuted tibial shaft fractures in four dogs with the use of interlocking nail connected with type I external fixator

“…The above technique prevented stifle joint rigidity in the treated limb. According to the authors, joint rigidity was probably caused by fibrosis or adhesion of the quadriceps muscle to surrounding tissue (Durall et al 2004). The above would explain why similar observations were not made in our study -the site of pin fixation was characterized by a low share of soft tissue.…”

“…The above would explain why similar observations were not made in our study -the site of pin fixation was characterized by a low share of soft tissue. Dynamization speeded up the restoration of limb function which was observed after 5.7 weeks on average, whereas patients from the non-dynamized group required nine weeks to make a full recovery (Durall et al 2004). In an earlier study investigating the osteosynthesis of canine tibia with the use of interlocking nails destabilization was not shown to have an effect on early restoration of limb function (Georgiadis et al 1990).…”

Two Techniques for Supplementing Interlocking Nail Repair of Fractures of the Humerus, Femur, and Tibia: Results in 12 Dogs and Cats

“…Supplementing an ILN with additional stack pins significantly increase gap stiffness compared with ILN alone in an ex vivo model using canine femora 14 . A hybrid ILN screw/ESF pin connected to an ESF was used with an ILN to evaluate bone healing with the non‐invasive dynamization facilitated by the device and did not affect bone healing, but did help maintain a stifle range of motion and promoted earlier limb use 15 . Hybrid screw and pin bending were observed in this study, perhaps because of the smaller diameter of both the locking component of the implant and external pin compared with our hybrid ILN bolt/ESF pins.…”

Ulnar Interlocking Intramedullary Nail Stabilization of a Proximal Radio-Ulnar Fracture in a Dog

“…Preoperative planning is essential, with respect to length, rotation and alignment with ILN because adjustments cannot be made postoperatively. ILN can be placed in either a dynamic (engaging either proximal or distal segment) or static (engaging both proximal and distal segments) fashion, depending on the type of fracture 10,13,24 . Because of the difficulty in restricting postoperative activity, static fixation is usually recommended for animals with dynamization being reserved for delayed unions 24,25 .…”