Effects of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase activity in rats

Sato, Hiroki; Takahashi, Noriko; Nakamoto, Mayumi; Ohgami, Masahiro; Yamazaki, Masahiro; Fukui, Tetsuya

doi:10.1016/s0006-2952(02)00911-5

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Acetoacetyl-CoA synthase (AACS) can also facilitate incorporation of ketones into lipogenesis [21] as indicated in Fig. 2, but this process is strongly controlled by insulin and feeding [22,23]. Our laboratory has found that insulin is consistently 50 % lower in KE fed animals [14,15], which would be expected to significantly decrease AACS activity [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2, but this process is strongly controlled by insulin and feeding [22,23]. Our laboratory has found that insulin is consistently 50 % lower in KE fed animals [14,15], which would be expected to significantly decrease AACS activity [22]. Although, Endemann et al [24] and others [25] demonstrated that 14 C labeled -βHB and -AcAc can be incorporated into fatty acids and cholesterol in isolated rat liver, we found that when rats were maintained on a diet containing 30 % calories as KE, there were decreased amounts of both liver and plasma cholesterol, as well as liver sterol precursors (mevalonate, lanosterol and CoAs) and malonyl-CoA (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

An Ester of β‐Hydroxybutyrate Regulates Cholesterol Biosynthesis in Rats and a Cholesterol Biomarker in Humans

Kemper

Srivastava

King

et al. 2015

Lipids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In response to carbohydrate deprivation or prolonged fasting the ketone bodies, β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) and acetoacetate (AcAc), are produced from the incomplete β-oxidation of fatty acids in the liver. Neither βHB nor AcAc are well utilized for synthesis of sterols or fatty acids in human or rat liver. To study the effects of ketones on cholesterol homeostasis a novel βHB ester (KE) ((R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate) was synthesized and given orally to rats and humans as a partial dietary carbohydrate replacement. Rats maintained on a diet containing 30-energy % as KE with a concomitant reduction in carbohydrate had lower plasma cholesterol and mevalonate (-40 and -27 %, respectively) and in the liver had lower levels of the mevalonate precursors acetoacetyl-CoA and HMG-CoA (-33 and -54 %) compared to controls. Whole liver and membrane LDL-R as well as SREBP-2 protein levels were higher (+24, +67, and +91 %, respectively). When formulated into a beverage for human consumption subjects consuming a KE drink (30-energy %) had elevated plasma βHB which correlated with decreased mevalonate, a liver cholesterol synthesis biomarker. Partial replacement of dietary carbohydrate with KE induced ketosis and altered cholesterol homeostasis in rats. In healthy individuals an elevated plasma βHB correlated with lower plasma mevalonate.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Ester of β‐Hydroxybutyrate Regulates Cholesterol Biosynthesis in Rats and a Cholesterol Biomarker in Humans

Kemper

Srivastava

King

et al. 2015

Lipids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This may be an alternative way to transport fatty acid equivalents across different tissues. According to this putative anabolic role, the expression of the AACS gene is under the control of the SREBPs in liver [7] and is decreased in livers from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats [8,9].…”

Section: Ppar! Wasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional regulation of the human acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase gene by PPARγ

Aguiló¹,

Camarero²,

Relat³

et al. 2010

Biochemical Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the cytosol of lipogenic tissue, ketone bodies are activated by AACS (acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase) and incorporated into cholesterol and fatty acids. AACS gene expression is particularly abundant in white adipose tissue, as it is induced during adipocyte differentiation. In order to elucidate the mechanism controlling the gene expression of human AACS and to clarify its physiological role, we isolated the human promoter, characterized the elements required to initiate transcription and analysed the expression of the gene in response to PPARγ (peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor γ), an inducer of adipogenesis. We show that the human AACS promoter is a PPARγ target gene and that this nuclear receptor is recruited to the AACS promoter by direct interaction with Sp1 (stimulating protein-1).

show abstract

Efficient synthesis of functional isoprenoids from acetoacetate through metabolic pathway-engineered Escherichia coli

Harada

Okamoto

et al. 2009

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We show here an efficient synthesis system of isoprenoids from acetoacetate as the main substrate. We expressed in Escherichia coli a Streptomyces mevalonate pathway gene cluster starting from HMG-CoA synthase and including isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase (idi) type 2 gene and the yeast idi type 1 and rat acetoacetate-CoA ligase (Aacl) genes. When the alpha-humulene synthase (ZSS1) gene of shampoo ginger was expressed in this transformant, the resultant E. coli produced 958 mug/mL culture of alpha-humulene with a lithium acetoacetate (LAA) supplement, which was a 13.6-fold increase compared with a control E. coli strain expressing only ZSS1. Next, we investigated if this E. coli strain engineered to utilize acetoacetate can synthesize carotenoids effectively. When the crtE, crtB, and crtI genes required for lycopene synthesis were expressed in the transformant, lycopene amounts reached 12.5 mg/g dry cell weight with addition of LAA, an 11.8-fold increase compared with a control expressing only the three crt genes. As for astaxanthin production with the E. coli transformant, in which the crtE, crtB, crtI, crtY, crtZ, and crtW genes were expressed, the total amount of carotenoids produced (astaxanthin, lycopene, and phytoene) was significantly increased to 7.5 times that of a control expressing only the six crt genes.

show abstract

Effects of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase activity in rats

Cited by 12 publications

References 26 publications

An Ester of β‐Hydroxybutyrate Regulates Cholesterol Biosynthesis in Rats and a Cholesterol Biomarker in Humans

An Ester of β‐Hydroxybutyrate Regulates Cholesterol Biosynthesis in Rats and a Cholesterol Biomarker in Humans

Transcriptional regulation of the human acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase gene by PPARγ

Efficient synthesis of functional isoprenoids from acetoacetate through metabolic pathway-engineered Escherichia coli

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About