Effects of sulfur and aromatic contents in gasoline on motorcycle emissions

Yao, Yung Chen; Tsai, Jason Sheng Hong; Chang, An Lin; Jeng, Fu‐Tien

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.04.031

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Em 2008, Yung-Chen et al [8], publicaram um estudo sobre os efeitos dos teores de enxofre e aromáticos contidos na formulação da gasolina sobre as emissões de poluentes de motociclos. O estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar os compostos CO, THC e NO x e também cinco principais componentes tóxicos do ar.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Emissão de benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno e xilenos em motociclos abastecidos com diferentes misturas de combustível

Daemme¹,

Macedo²,

Nadolny³

et al. 2016

Anais Do XXIV Simpósio Internacional De Engenharia Automotiva

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RESUMOO presente artigo tem como objetivo comparar as emissões de benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno e xilenos (BTEX), além das emissões de poluentes legisladas (THC, CO, NO x ) em três motociclos. Os veículos foram abastecidos com combustível de referência -gasolina A22, sendo que um deles, flexfuel, foi abastecido também com Etanol Hidratado de Referência (EHR) e mistura na proporção de 50% de A22 e EHR. As emissões regulamentadas foram medidas respeitando procedimentos de medições normalizados. Para análise dos BTEX foi utilizada a técnica analítica de espectrometria de massas. Para determinar a influência do catalisador, as emissões de BTEX foram medidas com e sem o catalisador em um dos motociclos. Tendo em vista a adoção do ciclo WMTC (Worldwide Motorcycle Test Cycle) em substituição ao EURO (Diretiva Europeia 97/24/EC), também foram medidas as emissões em ambos os ciclos, e os resultados foram comparados. Os principais resultados mostraram que o tolueno apresenta a maior emissão quando comparada aos outros BTEX. O uso do catalisador propicia uma redução global das emissões de BTEX de 69%. A condução no ciclo WMTC tende a emitir menor teor de emissões legisladas e BTEX, com exceção ao NO x , quando se compara ao ciclo EURO. ABSTRACTThe article presents results of a comparison study focused on emissions of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX), as well as THC, CO and NO x , in three motorcycles. The vehicles were fueled with the reference fuel -gasoline A22. One motorcycle was fueled with reference hydrated ethanol (EHR) blended in the proportion of 50% (A22) and 50% (HER). Regulated emissions were measured according with standard procedures. BTEX were measured by mass spectrometry. To determine the influence of the catalyst, the emission of BTEX were measured with and without the catalyst in one motorcycle. Due to the entrance of the WMTC cycle (Worldwide

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Emissão de benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno e xilenos em motociclos abastecidos com diferentes misturas de combustível

Daemme¹,

Macedo²,

Nadolny³

et al. 2016

Anais Do XXIV Simpósio Internacional De Engenharia Automotiva

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Previous studies have shown that the fuel aromatic content ranges from 50 to 10 vol% (Prati et al, 2000;Schifter et al, 2004;Yao et al, 2008). Three test fuels were designed in this study.…”

Section: Test Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For low engine capacity (less than 150 cc.) motorcycles in particular, little data that shows the effects of fuel composition on exhaust emissions is available (Prati et al, 2000;Yao et al, 2008), and thus there is a clear need for more work on this. Based on the results in the literature, the aromatic content of gasoline affects exhaust CO, THC, and some toxic emissions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Gasoline Aromatic Content on Air Pollutant Emissions from Four-Stroke Motorcycles

Yao

Tsai

2013

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

Self Cite

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A new four-stroke carburetor motorcycle engine without any engine adjustments was used to study the impact of fuel aromatic content on exhaust emissions of criteria air pollutants (CO, THC, and NO x ). Three aromatic fuels were tested, containing 15, 25, and 50% (vol) aromatics mixed with gasoline. A commercial unleaded gasoline was also tested as a reference case (RF). The experimental data indicated that a lower aromatic content (25 and 15 vol%) in gasoline reduced the amounts of THC and NO x by more than 10% compared to the reference fuel (aromatic content 30 vol%). CO emissions, on the other hand, did not appear to be related to the aromatic content of gasoline. The excess air ratio (λ) values for the aromatic test fuels were lower than 1.0, i.e., under fuel-rich conditions, and CO emissions increased due to lack of oxygen. In contrast, high NO x emissions appeared in a near stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, and decreased as the fuel mixture approached lean or rich conditions. The results also showed that decreasing the aromatic content from 50 to 25 and 15 vol% in gasoline may result in a reduction of benzene emissions from the motorcycles without a catalyst converter. This study shows that decreasing the aromatic content in gasoline may reduce the emissions of THC, NO x , and benzene, but not CO, from four-stroke carburetor motorcycles.

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“…The CO 2 consumption rate (g/km) for motorcycles is 1.43(Tsai et al 2003).4 The CO 2 emission factors of motorcycles ranged from 533 to 581 g per litre(Yao et al 2008). Therefore, the average value, 550, is applied in this study.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the environmental benefits of a motorcycle idling stop policy at urban intersections

Jou

Chen

2011

Transportation

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In an attempt to reduce CO 2 emissions from motorized transport, the Taiwanese government introduced an idling stop policy for vehicles in early 2007. This paper seeks to quantify the environmental benefits of the policy based on a stated preference analysis. Motorcyclists were surveyed at urban intersections in Taiwan, to identify the amount of time they would be willing to turn off their engines while waiting at traffic lights (the WTO). A contingent valuation framework based on stated preference questions was designed to determine the WTO. Results obtained from the Spike model showed that the average motorcyclist's WTO is 82 s. In another analysis, in which other variables were taken into consideration, such as the possibility that the policy will be enacted as legislation, the expected WTO increased to 101 s. In both cases, an idling stop policy would have positive environmental effects, reducing gasoline usage by 1021 L per hour and reducing CO 2 emissions by 0.56 metric tons per hour at the intersection studied during peak periods.

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Effects of sulfur and aromatic contents in gasoline on motorcycle emissions

Cited by 20 publications

References 12 publications

Emissão de benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno e xilenos em motociclos abastecidos com diferentes misturas de combustível

Emissão de benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno e xilenos em motociclos abastecidos com diferentes misturas de combustível

Influence of Gasoline Aromatic Content on Air Pollutant Emissions from Four-Stroke Motorcycles

Analysis of the environmental benefits of a motorcycle idling stop policy at urban intersections

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