Effects of Swine Manure on Macrolide, Lincosamide, and Streptogramin B Antimicrobial Resistance in Soils

Abstract

Current agricultural practices involve inclusion of antimicrobials in animal feed and result in manure containing antimicrobials and antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms. This work evaluated the effects of land application of swine manure on the levels of tetracycline, macrolide, and lincosamide antimicrobials and on macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B (MLS B ) resistance in field soil samples and laboratory soil batch tests. MLS B and tetracycline antimicrobials were quantified after solid-phase extraction using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The prevalence of the ribosomal modification responsible for MLS B resistance in the same samples was quantified using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Macrolide antimicrobials were not detected in soil samples, while tetracyclines were detected, suggesting that the latter compounds persist in soil. No significant differences in ribosomal methylation or presumed MLS B resistance were observed when amended and unamended field soils were compared, although a transient (<20-day) increase was observed in most batch tests. Clostridium cluster XIVa accounted for the largest fraction of resistant bacteria identified in amended soils. Overall, this study did not detect a persistent increase in the prevalence of MLS B resistance due to land application of treated swine manure.

Molecular Detection of Resistance and Transfer Genes in Environmental Samples

“…Only a transient (< 20-day) MLS B resistance increase was documented in most batch tests. In contrast to other studies, Zhou et al (2010) did not detect a persistent increase in the occurrence of MLS B resistance due to land application of treated swine manure. Mindlin et al (2008) generated a collection of antibiotic resistant bacterial strains isolated from arctic permafrost subsoil sediments of various age and genesis.…”

“…Thus, this study provided the first description of the genotypes sul1, sul2, and sul3 outside the Enterobacteriaceae and in the soil environment. Zhou et al (2010) evaluated the effects of land application of swine manure on the levels of tetracycline, macrolide, and lincosamide antibiotics and on MLS B resistance in field soil samples and laboratory soil batch tests. MLS B and tetracycline antimicrobials were quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, the prevalence of the ribosomal modification responsible for MLS B resistance in the samples was quantified by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).…”

Long-term field application of sewage sludge increases the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes in soil

“…Although chemical fertilizer had some effects on soil ARGs, these effects, not surprisingly, are weaker when compared with sewage sludge or chicken manure, considering that manure is rich in ARGs and ARBs , Jiang et al, 2002Ghosh and LaPara, 2007) and most ARGs are discharged from the municipal wastewater treatment process in the form of sewage sludge (Munir et al, 2011). However, land application of animal manure or sewage sludge does not universally increase ARGs in soils (Zhou et al, 2010) and this increase is not maintained long-term (Fahrenfeld et al, 2014). For instance, manure from three dairy farms did not increase cultivable chlortetracycline-resistant bacteria when land-applied to soil (Ghosh and LaPara, 2007).…”

Occurrence of (fluoro)quinolones and (fluoro)quinolone resistance in soil receiving swine manure for 11 years

“…Similarly, Sengelov et al (2003) observed an increased tetracycline resistance in soil after swine manure application, and this increase remained elevated for up to five months. By contrast, some studies showed that the increase of resistance was transient and returned to baseline levels a few dozens of days after manure application (Byrne-Bailey et al, 2009;Zhou et al, 2010;Fahrenfeld et al, 2014). It has been generally thought that the persistence of antibiotic resistance in soil depended on the environmental selection of "native" resistance, the relative growth and decay of manure-associated bacteria, and the tendency for horizontal gene transfer.…”