Some non-taxol-type taxoids having neither an oxetane ring at C-4 and C-5 nor an N-acylphenylisoserine group at C-13, such as taxuspine C, 2′ ′ ′ ′-desacetoxyaustrospicatine, and 2-desacetoxytaxinine J, which were isolated from the Japanese yew Taxus cuspidata, increased cellular accumulation of vincristine (VCR) in multidrug-resistant 2780AD cells as potently as verapamil, and efficiently inhibited [ 3 H]azidopine photolabeling of P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Taxuspine C, 2′ ′ ′ ′-desacetoxyaustrospicatine, and 2-desacetoxytaxinine J at 10 µ µ µ µM completely reversed the resistance to colchicine, VCR, and taxol in KB-C2 cells, which overexpress P-gp, while taxinine and taxinine M showed no effect. Taxuspine C, 2′ ′ ′ ′-desacetoxyaustrospicatine, and 2-desacetoxytaxinine J may be candidate pharmaceuticals for reversing multidrug resistance (MDR) and also may be good modifiers of MDR in cancer chemotherapy.