Effects of temperature on <i><scp>R</scp>enibacterium salmoninarum</i> infection and transmission potential in <scp>C</scp>hinook salmon, <i><scp>O</scp>ncorhynchus tshawytscha</i> (<scp>W</scp>albaum)

Purcell, Maureen K.; McKibben, Constance L.; Pearman-Gillman, Schuyler; Elliott, Diane G.; Winton, James R.

doi:10.1111/jfd.12409

Cited by 21 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…These situations can lead to a stress condition for the trout affecting its immune response (Purcell et al . ) and therefore increasing its susceptibility to infection. Elevated temperatures can increase the growth rate and virulence of microbial pathogens (Marcogliese ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the water temperature can also affect the fish metabolism rate and the quality of other parameters in the water, such as oxygen availability Wang et al 2016). These situations can lead to a stress condition for the trout affecting its immune response (Purcell et al 2016) and therefore increasing its susceptibility to infection. Elevated temperatures can increase the growth rate and virulence of microbial pathogens (Marcogliese 2008).…”

Section: Immunoproteome Analysis/immunoblot Analysis Of L Garvieae Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How does temperature influences the development of lactococcosis? Transcriptomic and immunoproteomic in vitro approaches

Castro

Reguera-Brito

López-Campos

et al. 2017

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Lactococcus garvieae is the aetiological agent of lactococcosis, a haemorrhagic septicaemia that affects marine and freshwater fish, with special incidence and economic relevance in farmed rainbow trout. Water temperature is one of the most important predisposing factors in the development of lactococcosis outbreaks. Lactococcosis in trout usually occur when water temperatures rise to about 18 °C, while fish carriers remain asymptomatic at temperatures below 13 °C. The aim of this work was to analyse the differences in the complete transcriptome response of L. garvieae grown at 18 °C and at 13 °C and to identify the immunogenic proteins expressed by this bacterium at 18 °C. Our results show that water temperature influences the expression of L. garvieae genes involved in the lysis of part of the bacterial cell population and in the cold response bacterial adaptation. Moreover, the surface immunogenic protein profile at 18 °C suggests an important role of the lysozyme-like enzyme, WxL surface proteins and some putative moonlighting proteins (proteins with more than one function, usually associated with different cellular locations) as virulence factors in L. garvieae. The results of this study could provide insights into the understanding of the virulence mechanisms of L. garvieae in fish.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Immunoproteome Analysis/immunoblot Analysis Of L Garvieae Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

How does temperature influences the development of lactococcosis? Transcriptomic and immunoproteomic in vitro approaches

Castro

Reguera-Brito

López-Campos

et al. 2017

Journal of Fish Diseases

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“…Due to its importance for estimating transmission, shedding has been measured in several host-pathogen systems, including those involving fish hosts (Rose et al, 1989; Kocan et al, 1997; Bebak, 1998; McKibben and Pascho, 1999; Madetoja et al, 2000; Van der Goot et al, 2003; Hershberger et al, 2009; Munster et al, 2009; Kim and Faisal, 2012; Baigent et al, 2013; Garver et al, 2013; Purcell et al, 2016). However, the majority of these studies quantify shedding at one or two time points.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, given the differences in virus replication kinetics between fish host species and viral genotypes (Peñaranda et al, 2009; Purcell et al, 2009), it is also possible that shedding kinetics will differ, particularly because Atlantic Salmon are an exotic host for IHNV. Furthermore, studies indicate that numerous factors, such as temperature, challenge dose, and exposure route, can influence the shedding and transmission of fish pathogens (Madetoja et al, 2000; Hershberger et al, 2009; Kim and Faisal, 2012; Purcell et al, 2016). This suggests that the shedding kinetics of one system under certain conditions, cannot be assumed to be predictive of the kinetics found in a different system, and thus patterns of transmission must be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Replication and shedding kinetics of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in juvenile rainbow trout

et al. 2017

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Viral replication and shedding are key components of transmission and fitness, the kinetics of which are heavily dependent on virus, host, and environmental factors. To date, no studies have quantified the shedding kinetics of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), or how they are associated with replication, making it difficult to ascertain the transmission dynamics of this pathogen of high agricultural and conservation importance. Here, the replication and shedding kinetics of two M genogroup IHNV genotypes were examined in their naturally co-evolved rainbow trout host. Within host virus replication began rapidly, approaching maximum values by day 3 post-infection, after which viral load was maintained or gradually dropped through day 7. Host innate immune response measured as stimulation of Mx-1 gene expression generally followed within host viral loads. Shedding also began very quickly and peaked within 2 days, defining a generally uniform early peak period of shedding from 1 to 4 days after exposure to virus. This was followed by a post-peak period where shedding declined, such that the majority offish were no longer shedding by day 12 post-infection. Despite similar kinetics, the average shedding rate over the course of infection was significantly lower in mixed compared to single genotype infections, suggesting a competition effect, however, this did not significantly impact the total amount of virus shed. The data also indicated that the duration of shedding, rather than peak amount of virus shed, was correlated with fish mortality. Generally, the majority of virus produced during infection appeared to be shed into the environment rather than maintained in the host, although there was more retention of within host virus during the post-peak period. Viral virulence was correlated with shedding, such that the more virulent of the two genotypes shed more total virus. This fundamental understanding of IHNV shedding kinetics and variation at the individual fish level could assist with management decisions about how to respond to disease outbreaks when they occur.

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“…Water temperature is known to be a critical determinant of microbe-fish host infection dynamics given its governing role on fish physiology (Brett, 1971) and microbial proliferation and richness (Kocan et al, 2009;Thoen et al, 2016;Purcell et al, 2016). When approaching the upper limits of a species temperature tolerance, fish may exhibit temperature-induced suppression of immune function (Hardie et al, 1994;Magnadottir et al, 1999) leading to increased incidence of infection and consequent disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural and Anthropogenic Factors Influencing the Pre-Spawn Migration of Steelhead Trout

Twardek¹

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Migration can result in considerable exposure to both natural and anthropogenic stressors that can impact the ability of an anadromous fish to complete this critical component of their life-history. In this thesis I use a range of physiological and behavioural measures to evaluate natural and anthropogenic factors influencing the migration of wild adult migrating steelhead in the Bulkley River, British Columbia, including pathogens and fisheries captures. Steelhead appeared to be relatively resilient to pathogens and capture within fisheries, though I observed changes to their physiology, I am extremely grateful to have worked under the supervision of Dr. Steven J. Cooke and Dr. Andy J. Danylchuk over the last couple of years. I met Steve in 2015 when I took on a summer position in his lab during the last year of my undergraduate degree at Queen's University and was fortunate enough to be asked by Steve to complete a graduate degree in his lab. These last two years have been a truly valuable experience for me, as Steve has without-fail, provided me with every opportunity possible to develop and learn. My cosupervisor Andy was responsible for setting up these amazing projects in Smithers, British Columbia and taught me the importance of engaging stakeholders during the completion of a project. I am thankful for the efforts of my thesis committee members; Dr. Gabriel Blouin-Demers, and Dr. Michael Donaldson, who provided direction for my thesis as I came into the closing stages. I am thankful for all of the field support provided by Laura Elmer and Tyler Gagne. This work benefited immensely from the help of countless volunteers, but special mention must be given to

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Effects of temperature on Renibacterium salmoninarum infection and transmission potential in Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum)

Cited by 21 publications

References 55 publications

How does temperature influences the development of lactococcosis? Transcriptomic and immunoproteomic in vitro approaches

How does temperature influences the development of lactococcosis? Transcriptomic and immunoproteomic in vitro approaches

Replication and shedding kinetics of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in juvenile rainbow trout

Natural and Anthropogenic Factors Influencing the Pre-Spawn Migration of Steelhead Trout

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