Effects of temperature on phagocytosis in Homarus americanus

Steenbergen, James F.; Steenbergen, Suzanna Maria; Schapiro, Harriette C.

doi:10.1016/0044-8486(78)90137-0

Cited by 38 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Lobsters kept for 31 days at high temperatures (23°C) had a decreased phagocytic activity compared to control lobsters at 16°C (Dove et al 2005). Also in vitro temperature increase from 16°C to 24°C led to a drop of phagocytosis in lobsters (Homarus americanus) (Steenbergen et al 1978). The giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) increased its phagocytosis activity with intermediate temperature; however, at high temperatures (35°C) it dropped (Cheng et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As our measure of the phagocytic activity, the number of phagocytosing hemocytes was divided by the total number of hemocytes. This is used to indicate the percentage of hemocytes containing endocytosed bacteria (Steenbergen et al 1978).…”

Section: Phagocytosis and Hemocyte Countmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only few data on the impact of temperature changes on immune defence exist in marine invertebrates, mainly decapods (Steenbergen et al 1978;Staples and Heales 1991;Chen et al 1995Chen et al , 2003Dove et al 2005;Robohm et al 2005). While they represent important Wrst steps, the conclusions about the natural impact of global change are limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A summer heat wave decreases the immunocompetence of the mesograzer, Idotea baltica

2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Extreme events associated with global change will impose increasing stress on coastal organisms. How strong biological interactions such as the host-parasite arms-race are modulated by environmental change is largely unknown. The immune system of invertebrates, in particular phagocytosis and phenoloxidase activity response are key defence mechanisms against parasites, yet they may be sensitive to environmental perturbations. We here simulated an extreme event that mimicked the European heat wave in 2003 to investigate the eVect of environmental change on the immunocompetence of the mesograzer Idotea baltica. Unlike earlier studies, our experiment aimed at simulation of the natural situation as closely as possible by using long acclimation, a slow increase in temperature and a natural community setting including the animals' providence with natural food sources (Zostera marina and Fucus vesiculosus). Our results demonstrate that a simulated heat wave results in decreased immunocompetence of the mesograzer Idotea baltica, in particular a drop of phagocytosis by 50%. This suggests that global change has the potential to signiWcantly aVect host-parasite interactions.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Phagocytosis and Hemocyte Countmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A summer heat wave decreases the immunocompetence of the mesograzer, Idotea baltica

2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…examined the effects of temperature on shell disease in lobsters held in an aquarium system and found that the severity and extent of the lesions was higher at 15°C than in lobsters maintained at 10 and 20°C. Since the upper lethal temperature for lobsters is 30°C (van Olst et al 1980) and Steenbergen et al (1978) did not observe a decrease in immune system function until lobsters were held at 22°C or above, these results suggest that disease progression is not simply explained by a weakening of the lobsters' immune system due to increased temperatures. These results also show that shell disease lesions can develop at a wide range of temperatures (10−20°C), suggesting that factors other than temperature may be contributing to determining the current distribution range of the disease.…”

Section: Presentmentioning

confidence: 62%

Epizootic shell disease in American lobsters Homarus americanus in southern New England: past, present and future

Castro

Cobb²,

Gomez‐Chiarri³

et al. 2012

Dis. Aquat. Org.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The emergence of epizootic shell disease in American lobsters Homarus americanus in the southern New England area, USA, has presented many new challenges to understanding the interface between disease and fisheries management. This paper examines past knowledge of shell disease, supplements this with the new knowledge generated through a special New England Lobster Shell Disease Initiative completed in 2011, and suggests how epidemiological tools can be used to elucidate the interactions between fisheries management and disease. KEY WORDS: Epizootic shell disease · Lobster · Epidemiology Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherContribution to DAO Special 6 'Disease effects on lobster fisheries, ecology, and culture'

show abstract

“…Phagocytosis was delayed (60 min) at 4°C (Paterson & Stewart 1974). Phagocytosis (mixed haemocyte population) of an avirulent strain of Aerococcus viridans (MK-3) decreased at temperatures above 22°C compared to 16°C (Steenbergen et al 1978). Initial transient bacteraemias in the HD-10°C lobsters may represent less effective clearance of the inoculum at the lower temperature.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of American lobsters Homarus americanus to infection with a field isolate of Aerococcus viridans var. homari (gaffkemia): survival and haematology

Battison

Cawthorn²,

Horney³

2004

Dis. Aquat. Org.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

American lobsters Homarus americanus were inoculated with a field isolate of the Gram-positive bacterium Aerococcus viridans var. homari, causative agent of gaffkemia, at 1 × 10 6 , 1 × 10 4 or 1 × 10 2 colony forming units (CFU) kg -1 or with sterile 3% NaCl and maintained at 10 or 15°C until they died or were euthanised. Progression of disease in individual animals was monitored daily by total haemocyte count (THC) and haemolymph culture. Post-mortem examinations were performed on all lobsters. Effects of both ambient temperature and infective dose on survival time were observed. Marked bacteraemia occurred in all mortalities. Haemocytopenia (THC < 10 × 10 9 cells l -1 ) preceded death in most, but not all, mortalities. KEY WORDS: Lobster · Homarus americanus · Gaffkemia · Aerococcus viridans var. homari Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 61: [263][264][265][266][267][268] 2004 were obtained from a commercial dryland pound (Clearwater Fine Foods). Lobsters were kept individually in compartmentalised plastic trays while acclimatised for 4 wk in a recirculating water (artificial seawater [ASW] Instant Ocean ® , Aquarium Systems) system maintained between 1.5 and 2.5°C. Lighting was set at a 14 h low light (< 3 lux):10 h dark cycle. Lobsters were not fed during the acclimation period.For the experimental period, the lobsters were kept individually in compartmentalised plastic trays in recirculating ASW tank systems at either 10 or 15°C (±1.5°C). Additional ASW was added if ammonia levels exceeded 0.3 ppm. Room lighting was maintained at a 14 h low light (< 3 lux):10 h dark cycle. Lobsters were not fed during the experimental period.Inoculum preparation. A lyophilised culture of an Aerococcus viridans Type 3 (api 20 Strep, bioMérieux Canada) was used. It was recovered from a lobster submitted to the Atlantic Veterinary College Diagnostic Laboratory as part of an investigation of a gaffkemia outbreak at a commercial lobster pound. A thawed aliquot of a first passage 48 h subculture stored at -80°C in 2% skim milk culture broth (Bacto ® skim milk, DIFCO Laboratories) was grown on sheep blood (5%) agar (BA) (Oxoid) at 28°C for 24 h and the colonies were used to inoculate 25 ml of sterile trypticase soy broth (TSB). Broth cultures were incubated overnight at 28°C and the optical density (OD 420 ) was read at 420 nm (Spectronic 20D, Milton Roy Company). The suspension was washed twice with sterile 3% NaCl. An aliquot of the saline suspension was serially diluted to obtain inoculum doses of 1 × 10 6 , 1 × 10 4 and 1 × 10 2 colony forming units (CFU) kg -1 lobster for the high (HD), intermediate (ID) and low dose (LD) groups, respectively. Colony counts were performed on 25 µl aliquots of the serial dilutions, cultured on BA at 28°C after 48 h of incubation.Direct haemolymph culture. To detect bacteraemia, sheep BA (5%) plates were inoculated with 0.2 to 0.4 ml of aseptically collected haemolymph, incubated at 28ºC, and examined at 24, 48 and 72 h. The...

show abstract

Effects of temperature on phagocytosis in Homarus americanus

Cited by 38 publications

References 8 publications

A summer heat wave decreases the immunocompetence of the mesograzer, Idotea baltica

A summer heat wave decreases the immunocompetence of the mesograzer, Idotea baltica

Epizootic shell disease in American lobsters Homarus americanus in southern New England: past, present and future

Response of American lobsters Homarus americanus to infection with a field isolate of Aerococcus viridans var. homari (gaffkemia): survival and haematology

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About