Effects of the 2008 global financial crisis on population health

Habibov, Nazim; Auchynnikava, Alena; Luo, Rong; Fan, Lida

doi:10.1002/hpm.2652

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…More research is needed regarding impacts in middle income countries, as only two studies were included in our meta-analysis of middle income countries. Although only based on five studies, the decrease of 103 cal in high income countries which we have described is consistent with other evidence suggesting reduced food expenditure during the recession in high income settings, reflecting a tightening of household budgets [12,14,33,51]. These results in high income countries should be treated with caution, but may reflect a shift in foods consumed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…These changes happened alongside households experiencing a reduction in resources [11]. This may have decreased food expenditure and the affordability of healthy food items, especially in low SEP groups [12][13][14]. For example, a study in Chicago compared low income areas to more affluent areas and found that access to healthy food worsened in low income areas [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of the 2008 Great Recession on dietary intake: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Jenkins

Vámos

Taylor‐Robinson

et al. 2021

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

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Background The 2008 Great Recession significantly impacted economies and individuals globally, with potential impacts on food systems and dietary intake. We systematically reviewed evidence on the impact of the Great Recession on individuals’ dietary intake globally and whether disadvantaged individuals were disproportionately affected. Methods We searched seven databases and relevant grey literature through June 2020. Longitudinal quantitative studies with the 2008 recession as the exposure and any measure of dietary intake (energy intake, dietary quality, and food/macronutrient consumption) as the outcome were eligible for inclusion. Eligibility was independently assessed by two reviewers. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale was used for quality and risk of bias assessment. We undertook a random effects meta-analysis for changes in energy intake. Harvest plots were used to display and summarise study results for other outcomes. The study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42019135864). Results Forty-one studies including 2.6 million people met our inclusion criteria and were heterogenous in both methods and results. Ten studies reported energy intake, 11 dietary quality, 34 food intake, and 13 macronutrient consumption. The Great Recession was associated with a mean reduction of 103.0 cal per adult equivalent per day (95% Confidence Interval: − 132.1, − 73.9) in high-income countries (5 studies) and an increase of 105.5 cal per adult per day (95% Confidence Interval: 72.8, 138.2) in middle-income countries (2 studies) following random effects meta-analysis. We found reductions in fruit and vegetable intake. We also found reductions in intake of fast food, sugary products, and soft drinks. Impacts on macronutrients and dietary quality were inconclusive, though suggestive of a decrease in dietary quality. The Great Recession had greater impacts on dietary intake for disadvantaged individuals. Conclusions The 2008 recession was associated with diverse impacts on diets. Calorie intake decreased in high income countries but increased in middle income countries. Fruit and vegetable consumption reduced, especially for more disadvantaged individuals, which may negatively affect health. Fast food, sugary products, and soft drink consumption also decreased which may confer health benefits. Implementing effective policies to mitigate adverse nutritional changes and encourage positive changes during the COVID-19 pandemic and other major economic shocks should be prioritised.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of the 2008 Great Recession on dietary intake: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Jenkins

Vámos

Taylor‐Robinson

et al. 2021

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…It should be noted that while we observed a slowdown in amenable mortality among men already in 2006, Gianino et al [ 36 ] included IHD death as amenable in their study which had a slowdown in 2011–2012 in both sexes in this study. Furthermore, while Swedish economy and health system performed well in response to the global financial crisis in 2008 [ 38 ], we cannot rule out the potential role of the crisis in observed slowdown of the declining trends of avoidable mortality, especially on preventable deaths through its impact on people’s lifestyle and mental health [ 39 , 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avoidable deaths in Sweden, 1997–2018: temporal trend and the contribution to the gender gap in life expectancy

Kiadaliri

2021

BMC Public Health

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Background Avoidable mortality is considered as a potential indicator of the influences of public health policies and healthcare quality on population health. This study aimed to examine the trend in avoidable mortality and its influence on rising life expectancy (LE) and declining gender gap in LE (GGLE) in Sweden. Methods We extracted data on causes of death by age, sex, and year from national registry from 1997 to 2018. The UK Office for National Statistics definition was used to divide causes of death into five mutually exclusive categories: amenable, preventable, amenable & preventable, ischemic heart disease (IHD), and non-avoidable causes. We applied Joinpoint regression to analyse temporal trends in age-standardized mortality rates. The Arriaga method was applied to decompose changes in LE and GGLE by age group and causes of death. Results Average annual reductions in avoidable vs. non-avoidable mortality were 2.6% (95% CI:2.5, 2.7) vs. 1.4% (95% CI:1.3, 1.5) in men, and 1.6% (95% CI:1.4, 1.9) vs. 0.9% (95% CI:0.7, 1.0) in women over the study period. LE in men rose by 4.1 years between 1997 and 2018 (from 72.8 to 76.9 years), of which 2.4 years (59.3%) were attributable to reductions in avoidable mortality. Corresponding LE gain was 2.3 years in women (from 78.0 in 1997 to 80.3 in 2018) and avoidable mortality accounted for 1.0 year (45.6%) of this gain. Between 1997 and 2018, the GGLE narrowed by 1.9 years, of which 1.4 years (77.7%) were attributable to avoidable causes. Among avoidable causes, while preventable causes had the largest contribution to the GGLE, IHD had the greatest contributions to LE gains and the narrowing GGLE. Conclusions Our findings showed that avoidable causes had a substantial contribution to gain in LE with more profound gain in men than in women, resulting in narrowing the GGLE. Lower pace of reductions in preventable than amenable mortality highlights the need for improving the effectiveness of inter-sectoral health policies aimed at behavioural changes.

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Effects of the 2008 global financial crisis on population health

Cited by 2 publications

References 66 publications

Impacts of the 2008 Great Recession on dietary intake: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Impacts of the 2008 Great Recession on dietary intake: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Avoidable deaths in Sweden, 1997–2018: temporal trend and the contribution to the gender gap in life expectancy

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