Effects of the brown rice diet on visceral obesity and endothelial function: the BRAVO study

Abstract

Brown rice (BR) and white rice (WR) produce different glycaemic responses and their consumption may affect the dietary management of obesity. In the present study, the effects of BR and WR on abdominal fat distribution, metabolic parameters and endothelial function were evaluated in subjects with the metabolic syndrome in a randomised cross-over fashion. In study 1, acute postprandial metabolic parameters and flow-and nitroglycerine-mediated dilation (FMD and NMD) of the brachial artery were determined in male volunteers with or without the metabolic syndrome after ingestion of either BR or WR. The increases in glucose and insulin AUC were lower after ingestion of BR than after ingestion of WR (P¼ 0·041 and P¼0·045, respectively). FMD values were decreased 60 min after ingestion of WR (P¼ 0·037 v. baseline), but the decrease was protected after ingestion of BR. In study 2, a separate cohort of male volunteers (n 27) with the metabolic syndrome was randomised into two groups with different BR and WR consumption patterns. The values of weight-based parameters were decreased after consumption of BR for 8 weeks, but returned to baseline values after a WR consumption period. Insulin resistance and total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels were reduced after consumption of BR. In conclusion, consumption of BR may be beneficial, partly owing to the lowering of glycaemic response, and may protect postprandial endothelial function in subjects with the metabolic syndrome. Long-term beneficial effects of BR on metabolic parameters and endothelial function were also observed.

Is white rice consumption a risk for metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes? A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…To assess whether any one study had a dominant effect on the pooled RR, we performed leave-one-out sensitivity analysis, and its effect on the main summary estimate along with pertinent I 2 for heterogeneity was evaluated. We found that no single study markedly affected the summary estimate or p values for heterogeneity in T2DM, MetS, CHD, and stroke (eTable 5).…”

“…We used the ‘leave-one-out’ method to evaluate whether any one study had a dominant effect on outcomes. Heterogeneity between the studies was evaluated using I 2 in which >50% suggest substantial heterogeneity. Due to the limited number of studies included in each analysis and/or substantial heterogeneity, we could not evaluate potential publication bias.…”

Food as Medicine: The New Concept of “Medical Rice”

“…38 Participants were between 30 and 60-years-old males with metabolic syndrome. Brown rice reduced their post-prandial blood glucose level and insulin level.…”

Antioxidant Activity of γ-Oryzanol: A Complex Network of Interactions

“…Orz has been shown to reduce plasma cholesterol levels and hepatic intake [14,15]; hence, it can affect different cell functions in the human organism. A great variety of biological effects has been attributed to Orz, such as antidiabetic [16], antioxidant [1,17], and anti-inflammatory activities [18]. However, until recently, the most studied Orz-related activities include its hypolipidemic and anti-obesity effects [15,16,19,20].…”