Effects of the Combination of Rice By-Products (Fermented Straw and Bran) and Legumes (<i>Leucaena and Gliricidia</i> Leaves) on the Growth Rate of Male Bali Cattle

Abstract

To increase the quality of dry rice straw and meet the needs of nutritional requirement for livestock, availability and technology should be considered to come up with an improve that is easy and inexpensive feeding material. The research aims to find out the effects of the combination of rice by-products (dry fermented straw and bran) with legumes (Leucaena and Gliricidia leaves) in increasing the growth of Bali cattle. This research was conducted at the Maliana Administrative, Bobonaro Municipality, from August 28, 2019 to November 17, 2019. In this research, five (5) male and growing beef cattle were used. This research method used the experimental method with Latin Square Design consisting of five treatments and five replications. The feed combinations or treatments used for beef cattle ration formulations, were: T1 is composed of 40% fermented rice straw, 20% rice bran, 10% Gliricidia and 30% Leucaena; T2 is composed of 55% fermented rice straw, 10% rice bran, 20% Gliricyda and 15% leucaena; T3 is composed of 50% fermented rice straw, 5% rice bran; 35% Gliricyda, and 15% leucaena; T4 is composed of 45% fermented rice straw, 15% rice, 30% Gliricyda, and 10% leucaena; T5 is composed of 30% fermented rice straw, 25% rice, 5% Gliricyda, and 40% leucaena. The variables observed were feed intake (kg), feed conversion and animal body weight (kg). Data analysis show that no significant effect (P> 0.05) on ration consumption but had a significant effect (P<0.05) on body weight gain and feed conversion of all experimental beef cattle used in the study. The result of comparison of mean show that the treatment T3 can accelerate growth and improve feed conversion of male beef cattle in their growth phase.

Effect of Injection Vitamin B-Complex on Diet for Consumption, Feed Rate Conversion and Average Daily Weight Gain of Bali Cattle in the Growing Phase

“…Bali cattle is classified as a strong ruminant that farmers raise with the aim of providing food especially high nutrient beef to consumers as a source of animal protein. In order to achieve meat production, the animals must be treated with rigorous treatments linked to the context of high quality of the food provided and must guarantee the sustainability of these actions in the creation process (Code et al, 2021). On the other hand, farmers like to raise Bali beef due to its high economic value in the context of securing the family economy and to be sold when they need to finance the family's basic needs, including participation in cultural ceremonies and also the production of various primary products used in industries.…”

“…One of the byproducts most used by producers is rice straw, which contains low nutritional substances, mainly crude protein, which is one of the interesting nutrients to improve the growth of animals in the growing phase. In this situation, producers needed other types of high quality food in the formulation of animal feed, however, they always face various difficulties in the acquisition process due to the lack of sustainability in the production of animal feed, we cite as an example, the sustainability of Leucaena and Gliricidia production which are best known by producers in rural areas as high quality feed for ruminant animals (Code et al, 2021). For this, it is necessary to seek alternative options to stimulate the animal's desire to consume, through the use of Vitamin…”