Effects of the herbicide atrazine and its degradation products, alone and in combination, on phototrophic microorganisms

Stratton, Glenn W.

doi:10.1007/bf01055644

Cited by 135 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Soil algae, particularly nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, are important photosynthetic microorganisms because they contribute to soil fertility by fixing the atmospheric nitrogen (Watanabe, 1962) and are also quite sensitive to herbicides because they share characteristics with higher plants (ElSheekh et al, 1994). Many reports available indicate interaction between soil algae and herbicides, including effects of herbicides on algal growth, photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation, biochemical composition, and metabolic activities (Bhunia et al, 1991;Singh and Tiwari, 1988;El-Sheekh et al, 1994;Mishra and Pandey, 1989;Caux et al, 1996;Mattoo et al, 1984), as well as degradation and removal of herbicides by algae (Stratton, 1984). These studies, however, were conducted under standard phytotoxicity test conditions involving only the results of photoautotrophic growth of algae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of the Herbicide Molinate on Mixotrophic Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, and Protein Content ofAnabaena sphaericaunder Different Light Conditions

Yan

1997

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of the Herbicide Molinate on Mixotrophic Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, and Protein Content ofAnabaena sphaericaunder Different Light Conditions

Yan

1997

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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“…Hydroxylated metabolites, such as hydroxyatrazine and cyanuric acid, may be even less toxic as they do not contain the chlorine atom. In fact, hydroxyatrazine has been shown to be nontoxic to green algae and cyanobacteria that have their growth and photosynthetic processes inhibited by atrazine (Stratton 1984). Thus, by degrading atrazine to its metabolites, the risks to organisms in aquatic ecosystems can be reduced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disposition of Atrazine Metabolites Following Uptake and Degradation of Atrazine in Switchgrass

Albright¹,

Coats²

2013

International Journal of Phytoremediation

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Extensive use of the agricultural herbicide atrazine has led to contamination of numerous ground and surface water bodies. Research has shown that it can have a variety of negative impacts on numerous non-target organisms in the environment. Phytoremediation is one strategy that has been studied to remove atrazine contamination. This paper investigates the hypothesis that switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) can exude metabolites of atrazine after uptake and degradation, which has been suggested by prior research. Pots planted with switchgrass were treated with a 4 ppm solution of atrazine spiked with [14C]atrazine. After 4 days, switchgrass plants were transplanted to new pots with fresh sand. Four days later, the pots were sacrificed, and sand and plant samples were extracted. Plant and sand samples were analyzed for the presence of atrazine and its major metabolites. The percentage of radiotracer remaining as the parent atrazine was observed to decrease over the course of the study while the percentages of the metabolites were observed to increase. The presence of the metabolite cyanuric acid in a switchgrass phytoremediation system is reported for the first time. plants were transplanted to new pots with fresh sand. Four days later, the pots were sacrificed, and sand and plant samples were extracted. Plant and sand samples were analyzed for the presence of atrazine and its major metabolites. The percentage of radiotracer remaining as the parent atrazine was observed to decrease over the course of the study while the percentages of the metabolites were observed to increase. The presence of the metabolite cyanuric acid in a switchgrass phytoremediation system is reported for the first time.

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“…Ces phénomènes sont extrêmement difficiles à mettre en évidence directement dans le milieu naturel. Quelques travaux expérimentaux, généralement sur monocultures d'algues, ont par ailleurs été réalisés pour appréhender ces phénomènes d'interactions entre molécules (ainsi qu'entre molécules et conditions physico-chimiques) et leurs conséquences sur les microphytes (voir pour exemples les travaux de ALTENBURGER étal., 1996 ;FAUST étal., 1993 ;HOAGLAND et al, 1993 ;LOEPPKY et TWEEDY, 1969 ;ROBERTS et al ,1990et STRATTON , 1984 ; RAMINEZ TOR-RES et O'FUVHERTY, 1976). Compte tenu du peu d'études réalisées sur ces interactions entre molécules et leurs effets sur la dynamique des communautés algales, nous nous intéresserons dans la suite de ce développement, uniquement à l'effet de molécules « isolées » sur les algues.…”

Section: -Effets Des Herbicides Inhibiteurs Du Ps II Sur Les Alguesunclassified

“…Dans le cadre d'études portant sur la sensibilité d'une seule espèce à un herbicide, les auteurs observent une diminution du taux de croissance des algues : STRATTON (1984) Mais dans certains cas la présence d'herbicides entraîne une augmentation de la biomasse algale globale : DE NOYELLES et al (1982) après 15 jours de culture avec 500 ug/L d'atrazine ; LAMPERT étal. (1989) après une douzaine de jours dans des enceintes contaminées par 0,1 ug/L d'atrazine (cette augmentation de la concentration en pigments est par ailleurs associée à une augmentation de la production primaire) ; PELTE (1995) avec 10 ug/L d'atrazine ; PRATT et al (1988) avec 3,2-10 ug/L d'atrazine ; BRYFOGLE et MCDIFFETT (1979) après 30 jours avec 400 ug/L de simazine ; SHEHATA et al (1993) avec 10 ug/L de gardoprim.…”

Section: Effets Sur La Croissance Et La Biomasse Algaleunclassified

Les herbicides inhibateurs du photosystème II, effets sur les communautés algales et leur dynamique

Bérard¹,

Pelte

2005

rseau

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Nous présentons une revue bibliographique à propos des effets des herbicides inhibiteurs du Photosystème II (PS II) sur les communautés algales. Ces herbicides sont abondamment utilisés dans les pratiques phytosanitaires. Ils sont susceptibles de contaminer les milieux aquatiques et, étant donné leur mode d'action inhibitrice de la photosynthèse, ils peuvent agir directement sur les algues. De nombreuses études ont été réalisées afin d'évaluer l'impact des contaminations par ces herbicides sur les microphytes, en particulier leur effet sur la croissance et la physiologie de certaines algues (monocultures en laboratoire). D'autres études expérimentales et quelques rares in situ, ont porté sur l'impact des herbicides inhibiteurs de la photosynthèse sur la structure des peuplements algaux. Certaines tendances ont pu être ainsi dégagées quant à la sensibilité et la résistance aux herbicides des différentes espèces étudiées soit isolément, soit au sein des peuplements. Les herbicides inhibiteurs du PS II perturbent effectivement la structure des peuplements phytoplanctoniques de façon plus ou moins marquée. L'impact des herbicides sur les algues est variable selon la structure des peuplements (liée aux successions) et les paramètres environnementaux, notamment liés à la saison. Nous devons donc développer nos connaissances à propos des interactions entre toxiques et facteurs environnementaux sur des pas de temps correspondant non seulement aux rythmes des contaminations mais aussi aux rythmes des succesions alagles, car ces interactions sont susceptibles de réduire ou d'amplifier les conséquences d'une pollution par ces toxiques dans les milieux aquatiques.The aim of this paper is to present a review about the impact of Photo system II (PS II) inhibitors on algae communities. A brief discussion of the use in agriculture, the different chemical families, the photosynthetic inhibition effect and the occurrence of these compounds in aquatics systems is followed by the presentation of the impacts these herbicides have on algae. Many studies investigate the effects of PS II inhibitors on algae growth and physiology. The response to pollutants were studied by monitoring changes in terms of different parameters : chlorophyll fluorescence induction usually increases with PS II inhibitors. Concentration of pigments decreases with PS II inhibitors, but increases sometimes with low contaminations of these toxicants (it is probably an homeostasis effect). Pigment ratio can change with herbicide exposure. Primary production (measured by 14C incorporation or dissolved O2) usually decreases with PS II inhibitors. But, the " excretion " of dissolved organic compounds may increase with PS II inhibitors. These herbicides may alter or change cell morphology of algae. In consequence algae growth is inhibited by PS II inhibitors exposure. But growth inhibition varies, depending on each species' (and strain) sensibility or resistance to each herbicide. By this way, PS II inhibitors can affect the algae community structure. In consequence, ...

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Effects of the herbicide atrazine and its degradation products, alone and in combination, on phototrophic microorganisms

Cited by 135 publications

References 26 publications

Effects of the Herbicide Molinate on Mixotrophic Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, and Protein Content ofAnabaena sphaericaunder Different Light Conditions

Effects of the Herbicide Molinate on Mixotrophic Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, and Protein Content ofAnabaena sphaericaunder Different Light Conditions

Disposition of Atrazine Metabolites Following Uptake and Degradation of Atrazine in Switchgrass

Les herbicides inhibateurs du photosystème II, effets sur les communautés algales et leur dynamique

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