Effects of thermal treatment on physico-morphological properties of Indian fine-grained sandstone

Sirdesai, Nikhil; Mahanta, Bankim; Ranjith, P.G.; Singh, T. N.

doi:10.1007/s10064-017-1149-6

Cited by 101 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…However, in sample V1, microcline is detected, while, in sample V2, it is not detected. This is in accordance to other studies that have demonstrated that microcline does decrease as the temperature of the stone increases [32].…”

Section: Mineralogical Examination Of the Lithotypes Through X-ray DIsupporting

confidence: 93%

The Effect of Fire on Building Materials: The Case-Study of the Varnakova Monastery Cells in Central Greece

et al. 2019

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The evaluation of the fire impact on building materials is of great scientific and socio-economic importance since fire can result in materials’ chemical and mechanical alterations, which leads to structural stability problems of historical and/or modern construction. This highly increases the cost of rehabilitation interventions. The case study of the Byzantine Monastery of Panagia (Virgin Mary) Varnakova is an example of the fire effect on both historical and newer stone masonries. The Varnakova Monastery is a typical 19th century monastic complex and, during its long history, it has undergone multiple reconstructions after major catastrophic events that have taken place due to its strategic geographical position and its financial and spiritual significance for the region. The last big-scale renovation of the Monastery was conducted between the years 1992 to 2014. However, in January 2017, a devastating fire destroyed the largest part of the monastic cells’ quarter. In this work, a diagnostic study of the different construction phases’ materials comprising the masonries of the monastery cells in their present state is presented. The examination of a series of samples through analytical techniques, such as optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, and total immersion tests, along with the use of non-destructive techniques in situ, such as Infra Red Thermography, Digital Microscopy, and Schmidt Hammer Rebound tests, shed light on the preservation state and on the decay of the diverse building materials. In addition, the impact of the fire on their properties was investigated. The results reveal the diversity of the materials used in the historical masonries throughout the centuries, while the combination of analytical and non-destructive techniques demonstrates the damages induced by the fire.

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Section: Mineralogical Examination Of the Lithotypes Through X-ray DIsupporting

confidence: 93%

The Effect of Fire on Building Materials: The Case-Study of the Varnakova Monastery Cells in Central Greece

et al. 2019

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“…A common and urgent issue in these engineering projects is the high-temperature problem causing the reservoir rocks to be damaged thermally, thus leading them to exhibit weakening of physical and mechanical properties [6]. In essence, the decline in the macroscopic physical and mechanical properties of rocks results from the changes in mineral composition and characteristics under high temperatures [7][8][9]. Therefore, comprehensive research ranging from microscopic mineral composition to macroscopic physical and mechanical properties is necessary to better understand the high-temperature effect on rocks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral Composition, Pore Structure, and Mechanical Characteristics of Pyroxene Granite Exposed to Heat Treatments

et al. 2019

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In deep geoengineering, including geothermal development, deep mining, and nuclear waste geological disposal, high temperature significantly affects the mineral properties of rocks, thereby changing their porous and mechanical characteristics. This paper experimentally studied the changes in mineral composition, pore structure, and mechanical characteristics of pyroxene granite heated to high temperature (from 25 °C to 1200 °C). The results concluded that (1) the high-temperature effect can be roughly identified as three stages: 25–500 °C, 500–800 °C, 800–1200 °C. (2) Below 500 °C, the maximum diffracted intensities of the essential minerals are comparatively stable and the porous and mechanical characteristics of granite samples change slightly, mainly due to mineral dehydration and uncoordinated thermal expansion; additionally, the failure mechanism of granite is brittle. (3) In 500–800 °C, the diffraction angles of the minerals become wider, pyroxene and quartz undergo phase transitions, and the difference in thermal expansion among minerals reaches a peak; the rock porosity increases rapidly by 1.95 times, and the newly created pores caused by high heat treatment are mainly medium ones with radii between 1 μm and 10 μm; the P-wave velocity and the elastic modulus decrease by 62.5% and 34.6%, respectively, and the peak strain increases greatly by 105.7%, indicating the failure mode changes from brittle to quasi-brittle. (4) In 800–1200 °C, illite and quartz react chemically to produce mullite and the crystal state of the minerals deteriorate dramatically; the porous and mechanical parameters of granite samples all change significantly and the P-wave, the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), and the elastic modulus decrease by 81.30%, 81.20%, and 92.52%, while the rock porosity and the shear-slip strain increase by 4.10 times and 11.37 times, respectively; the failure mechanism of granite samples transforms from quasi-brittle to plastic, which also was confirmed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

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“…The influence of temperature on minerals can be explored by observing the changes of lattice parameters and the reactions of mineral [31,34,35]. Based on the disappearance of peaks in the XRD patterns, two reactions happened: (1) Calcite.…”

Section: X-ray Diffraction (Xrd) Pattern Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All the heating treatments were conducted in a high-temperature furnace (CTM-300A series muffle Step 1: Ten group samples were heated to 10 target temperatures including 25 • C, 100 • C, 200 • C, 300 • C, 400 • C, 500 • C, 600 • C, 700 • C, 800 • C and 900 • C respectively with a ratio of +5 • C/min, according to similar previous works [30,31].…”

Section: Samples Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Temperature on the Microstructure Deterioration of Sandstone

et al. 2018

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Macroscopic properties of sandstone are commonly attributed to the degradation of its microstructure during heating treatment processes. However, few previous studies have focused on comprehensive observations on how the microstructure of sandstone changes with temperature. In this study, a kind of sandstone containing quartz, albite, calcite, and laumontite (little), was collected from Linyi (Shandong Province, China) to observe the microstructure degradation changes with temperature by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermo-gravimetric analyses (TGA). Firstly, 10 groups of sandstone samples were heated from 25 • C to 900 • C. Then, some core micro-parameters including lattice constant, full width at half maximum (FWHM), micro-strain, dislocation density, TGA curve changes and failure characteristic of the mineral were analyzed comprehensively. Finally, the underlying mechanism causing the microscopic thermal damage at different temperature intervals was also discussed. The results showed that: (1) quartz, the framework component of this sandstone, underwent an α-to β-phase change over the temperature range from 400 • C to 600 • C. This phenomenon caused the lattice constant, micro-strain, dislocation density and TGA curve to decrease sharply during this interval, leading to the microstructure deterioration of sandstone; (2) calcite underwent a decomposition reaction between 600 • C and 800 • C, and resulted in the XRD pattern peak, lattice constant, micro-strain and TGA curve dropping continuously. It destroyed further the internal microstructure of sandstone and produced numerous inter-granular cracks around quartz crystals; (3) further examination found that the decomposition reactions of minerals presented non-synchronized characteristics due to the different sensitivities of minerals to temperature, which led to thermal stress, thermal fracturing of minerals, and thermal reactions happening in different temperature intervals.

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Effects of thermal treatment on physico-morphological properties of Indian fine-grained sandstone

Cited by 101 publications

References 39 publications

The Effect of Fire on Building Materials: The Case-Study of the Varnakova Monastery Cells in Central Greece

The Effect of Fire on Building Materials: The Case-Study of the Varnakova Monastery Cells in Central Greece

Mineral Composition, Pore Structure, and Mechanical Characteristics of Pyroxene Granite Exposed to Heat Treatments

Influence of Temperature on the Microstructure Deterioration of Sandstone

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