Effects of Thymus revolutus Célak essential oil and its two major components on Hep G2 cells membrane

Abstract

In this study pro/anti-oxidant activities of Thymus revolutus Célak (T. revolutus C.) essential oil and its two main components on Hep G2 cells were determined. Twelve components were identified in T. revolutus C. essential oil by GC and GC-MS and the main components of the oil were cymene (32.57%) and γ-terpinene (17.18%). The essential oil showed more cytotoxicity than its two main components on Hep G2 after 24, 48 and 72 hours incubations. Membrane damage effects of the essential oil and its two main components on Hep G2 cells were increased by incubation with IC10, IC50 and IC70 concentrations. Lower essential oil (<IC50) concentrations had cytoprotective and membrane protective effects against H2O2. The free radical scavenging activity of the essential oil of T. revolutus C. (EC50 = 250±0.2 µg/mL) was superior to its two main components (neither not active). Oxidation of linoleic acid was effectively inhibited by T. revolutus C. (72.8%), while inhibition values of linoleic acid oxidation were calculated as 23.4.% and 26.7% for cymene and γ-terpinene, respectively. These findings suggest that essential oils and its two main components had both pro-oxidant and protective (antioxidant) effects and they exhibited those effects depending on concentration.

A comparative study of cytotoxic, membrane and DNA damaging effects of Origanum majorana’s essential oil and its oxygenated monoterpene component linalool on parental and epirubicin-resistant H1299 cells

“…The essential oils from wild and cultivated form of Salvia pisidica showed cytotoxicity on H1299 cells (Ozkan et al 2010). Some plant essential oils and extracts were found to be cytotoxic in dose-dependent manner on cancer cells (Ozkan & Erdogan 2012c;Erdogan & Ozkan 2013).…”

“…Some plant essential oils showed membrane damaging effects in dose dependent manner on cancer cells (Erdogan & Ozkan 2013). Also, O. majorana essential oil and linalool induced membrane damage on Hep G2 cells (A.…”

“…A few reports on the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the Origanum essential oils are available to date (Esen et al 2007;Busatta et al 2008). Cytotoxicity of O. majorana L. and other plants were studied on several hepatoma cell lines (Lin et al 2002;Ozkan et al 2010;Ozkan & Erdogan 2011;Erdogan & Ozkan 2013).…”

Evaluation of cytotoxic, membrane, and DNA damaging effects of Thymus revolutus Célak essential oil on different cancer cells

“…The essential oil of T. caespititius from Planalto Central, Brazil, used at 0.08 mg/mL on adenocarcinoma gastric cells (ACC201) decreased the viability to 45% in the first 30 min, but at the end of the first hour viability had recovered to 64% and at the end of the assay (8 h) the viability was maintained at 95%. Higher concentrations of the essential oil, 0.50 and 1.00 mg/mL, were detrimental to the viability of the gastric cell line (30 (6). Origanum onites (Lamiaceae) essential oil and its two phenolic components, thymol and carvacrol, induced membrane damage on Hep G2 cells (32).…”

“…Phenolic constituents in plant essential oils showed antioxidant activity in many studies. This activity is due to their ability to scavenge free radicals (4)(5)(6)(7). In addition, complex factors such as the nature of the antioxidants, the condition of oxidation, and the properties of the substrate are related to the activity of antioxidants.…”