Effects of Tobacco Chewing and Smoking and Its Relationship with Periodontal Health

Sajjad, Farzana; Mumtaz, Moona; Sajjad, Ramsha

doi:10.21089/njhs.23.0106

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…14 This study shows that the periodontal disease that is assessed by CPI before the oral and dental health instruction is higher than after the instruction, and it is useful for explaining the pathogenesis of periodontal disease caused by smoking. Sajjad et al 1 and Saribas et al 7 stated there is a high correlation between the consumption of tobacco and gingival index, the plaque index, and the community periodontal index of treatment needs, there was a high correlation between intake of tobacco and the gingival score. Nicotine can inhibit alveolar bone repair.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Comparative Evaluation of Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and the Presence of Nicotine Stomatitis among Smokers after Oral Hygiene Instruction

Damayanti

Kharisma

Yulianto

et al. 2020

GMHC

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Smoking can cause periodontal disease as well as lesions in the oral mucosa. Nicotine stomatitis is inflammation caused by heat stimuli injury on the hard and soft palate of the oral cavity; smokers commonly suffer from this condition. Knowledge of how oral hygiene affects the health of dental and oral cavity. The purpose of this study was to describe the differences in community periodontal index (CPI) and nicotine stomatitis in smokers after oral hygiene instruction. The study subjects were 54 men who have a history of active smoking for more than five years. The experiment was carried out in the Biomedical Laboratory of Faculty of Medicine Universitas Islam Bandung in September 2018–January 2019. Dental examination initiated before and after dental health instructions. CPI and nicotine stomatitis tests performed on all subjects by dentists using dental instruments. After six weeks of information about oral hygiene, all subjects re-examined. The results show that there is a statistically significant difference in the average CPI value in smokers before and after dental instruction with a p value<0.001 (p≤0.05). In contrast, the condition of nicotine stomatitis remains the same. CPI value influenced by oral and dental hygiene showed that dental health instruction is very effective. However, stomatitis has not healed as long as the cause is not eliminated. EVALUASI KOMPARATIF COMMUNITY PERIODONTAL INDEX (CPI) DAN STOMATITIS NIKOTIN DI KALANGAN PEROKOK SETELAH INSTRUKSI KEBERSIHAN MULUTMerokok dapat menyebabkan penyakit pada periodontal maupun lesi pada mukosa mulut. Stomatitis nikotin merupakan inflamasi yang disebabkan oleh panas yang terdapat pada palatum keras dan lunak; perokok umumnya menderita kondisi ini. Pengetahuan mengenai tata cara kebersihan mulut memengaruhi kesehatan gigi dan rongga mulut. Tujuan penelitian ini menilai perbedaan community periodontal index (CPI) dan stomatitis nikotin pada perokok setelah instruksi kebersihan mulut. Subjek penelitian adalah 54 pria yang memiliki riwayat merokok aktif selama lebih dari lima tahun. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Biomedik, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Islam Bandung pada bulan September 2018–Januari 2019. Pemeriksaan dental dilakukan sebelum dan setelah instruksi kesehatan gigi. Pemeriksaan CPI dan stomatitis nikotin dilakukan kepada seluruh subjek oleh dokter gigi menggunakan instrumen gigi. Setelah enam minggu mendapatkan penyuluhan mengenai kebersihan mulut, seluruh subjek diperiksa kembali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna secara statistik nilai CPI rerata pada perokok sebelum dengan setelah dilakukan instruksi kesehatan gigi dengan p<0,001 (p≤0,05). Sebaliknya, kondisi stomatitis nikotin tetap sama. Nilai CPI dipengaruhi oleh kebersihan gigi dan mulut sehingga instruksi kesehatan gigi sangat efektif. Akan tetapi, stomatitis tidak dapat sembuh selama penyebabnya tidak dihentikan.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Besides, smoking will cause inflammation on the gingiva, and cause stains on the teeth interfere with the aesthetics and halitosis. [1][2][3] Smoking also causes damage to almost all organs and body systems. Oral health is an area that receives less attention, but it is a vital area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%