Effects of Topical Corticosteroids and Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs on Prostaglandin E₂-Induced Aqueous Flare Elevation in Pigmented Rabbits

Abstract

We evaluated the effects of anti-inflammatory potency of corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂)-induced aqueous flare elevation in pigmented rabbits. Transcorneal diffusion of PGE₂, 25 µg/ml (7.09 × 10^–2 mmol/l), with the use of a glass cylinder was achieved to produce aqueous flare elevation. Anti-inflammatory drugs were topically administered once before PGE₂ application. Aqueous flare was measured with a laser flare-cell meter. Topical single instillation of dexamethasone sodium metasulfobenzoate 0.1%, dexamethasone sodium phosphate 0.1%, and fluorometholone 0.1% 6 h before PGE₂ application inhibited 56, 59, and 43% of flare elevation, respectively. Topical single instillation of bromfenac sodium 0.1% and pranoprofen 0.1% 1 h before PGE₂ application inhibited 33 and 15% of flare elevation, respectively. Indomethacin 0.5% did not inhibit flare elevation. Corticosteroid eyedrops needed several hours from topical instillation to exhibit inhibition of flare elevation. Most nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug eyedrops inhibited aqueous flare elevation when instilled 1 h before PGE₂ application.

Effects of Intravenous Administration of FR122047 (a Selective Cyclooxygenase 1 Inhibitor) and FR188582 (a Selective Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitor) on Prostaglandin-E₂-Induced Aqueous Flare Elevation in Pigmented Rabbits

“…It is possible that the corneal penetration of these compounds may be poor. In our pre- vious study, diclofenac sodium 0.1% instilled topically 1 h before PGE 2 application and dexamethasone sodium diphosphate 0.1% instilled topically 6 h before PGE 2 application showed maximally inhibitory effects on aqueous flare elevation [3,4]. In the present study, diclofenac sodium injected 30 min before PGE 2 application and dexamethasone sodium diphosphate injected 300 min before PGE 2 application showed maximally inhibitory effects on aqueous flare elevation.…”

“…A glass cylinder was attached to the cornea to avoid transconjunctival diffusion. We have also reported that topical instillation of corticosteroids (betamethasone phosphate 0.1%, dexamethasone sodium phosphate 0.1% and fluorometholone 0.1%) 6 h before PGE 2 application inhibited PGE 2 -induced aqueous flare elevation and that topical instillation of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs; diclofenac sodium 0.1%, bromfenac sodium 0.1% and pranoprofen 0.1%) 1 h before PGE 2 application suppressed flare elevation [3,4].…”

Effects of meloxicam administered by different routes to control experimental uveitis in dogs

“…In addition, the NSAID (tepoxalin) used in that study was administered one hour before paracentesis (GILMOUR & LEHENBAUER, 2006). HAYASAKA et al (2003) and ABE et al (2004) demonstrated that topical or intravenous administration of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs are able to suppress the protein influx to aqueous humor, only when used one hour and a half before the blood-aqueous barrier breakdown.…”

“…Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs suppress the protein influx to aqueous humor, after one hour and a half, whereas corticosteroids may need six hours after administration to show action by inhibitory effects on expression of the messenger RNAencoding cyclooxygenases-related protein (HAYASAKA et al, 2003;ABE et al, 2004). The reduction of only 27% in protein levels, contrasts the observations of a previous study, which proved that topical flurbiprofen, diclofenac, and suprofen were effective at preventing blood-aqueous barrier disruption after paracentesis in dogs (WARD, 1996).…”

Topical Bromfenac Sodium for Long-Term Management of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis

“…It has recently been reported that 0.1% bromfenac sodium eye drops are as safe and effective for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis [21]. Although it has been reported that bromfenac sodium has the strongest potency in inhibiting PGE 2 -induced aqueous flare among NSAID [22], its role in the treatment of ocular allergic disorders has not been reported in experimental or clinical studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of long-term management with bromfenac sodium eye drops in combination with corticosteroid and anti-allergic eye drops in patients affected by VKC.…”