Effects of Topical Fucosyl-Lactose, a Milk Oligosaccharide, on Dry Eye Model: An Example of Nutraceutical Candidate

Bucolo, Claudio; Musumeci, Maria; Salomone, Salvatore; Romano, Giovanni Luca; Leggio, Gian Marco; Gagliano, Caterina; Reibaldi, Michele; Avitabile, Teresio; Uva, Maurizio G.; Musumeci, Salvatore; Drago, Filippo

doi:10.3389/fphar.2015.00280

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The treatment has to be given daily, for periods of time usually higher than one year [15]. Atropine is known to interfere with lacrimation [16,17], and therefore might pose treated patients at risk of dry eye [12]. Therefore, we examined the effects on primary human corneal epithelial cells (HCE-F) of a relatively long-term treatment (96 h) with low dose atropine (1 mM, corresponding to a 0.03% solution).…”

Section: Atropine Toxicity Is Blunted By Colostrum and Fucosyl-lactosementioning

confidence: 99%

Atropine Differentially Modulates ECM Production by Ocular Fibroblasts, and Its Ocular Surface Toxicity Is Blunted by Colostrum

et al. 2020

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Background: The etiology and the mechanism behind atropine treatment of progressive myopia are still poorly understood. Our study addressed the role of scleral and choroidal fibroblasts in myopia development and atropine function. Methods: Fibroblasts treated in vitro with atropine or 7-methylxanthine were tested for ECM production by Western blotting. Corneal epithelial cells were treated with atropine in the presence or absence of colostrum or fucosyl-lactose, and cell survival was evaluated by the MTT metabolic test. Results: Atropine and 7-methyl-xanthine stimulated collagen I and fibronectin production in scleral fibroblasts, while they inhibited their production in choroidal fibroblasts. Four days of treatment with atropine of corneal epithelial cells significantly decreased cell viability, which could be prevented by the presence of colostrum or fucosyl-lactose. Conclusions: Our results show that atropine may function in different ways in different eye districts, strengthening the scleral ECM and increasing permeability in the choroid. The finding that colostrum or fucosyl-lactose attenuate the corneal epithelial toxicity after long-term atropine treatment suggests the possibility that both compounds can efficiently blunt its toxicity in children subjected to chronic atropine treatment.

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Section: Atropine Toxicity Is Blunted By Colostrum and Fucosyl-lactosementioning

confidence: 99%

Atropine Differentially Modulates ECM Production by Ocular Fibroblasts, and Its Ocular Surface Toxicity Is Blunted by Colostrum

et al. 2020

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“…25 Multiple topical administrations of 1% atropine significantly reduced the tear volume after 24 hours in an animal model. 26 Our results showed that after administration of 0.01% atropine for 6 months, there were no significant changes in the indices for aqueous production and tear stability. This might be related to the low concentration of atropine in the eye drops, and because the eye drops were only used once at night.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

<p>The Effect of 0.01% Atropine Eye Drops on the Ocular Surface in Children for the Control of Myopia—The Primary Results from a Six-Month Prospective Study</p>

Cheng¹,

Yang²,

Kong³

et al. 2020

TCRM

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To evaluate the effect of 0.01% atropine eye drops on the ocular surface in children for the control of myopia. Methods: A total of 72 participants were recruited for this prospective study. Prior to and after 1, 3, and 6 months of 0.01% atropine administration, an ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire was obtained, Keratograph 5M was used for the measurement of the tear meniscus height (TMH), noninvasive keratographic tear film break-up time (NK-BUT, the first keratographic break-up time, [NK-BUT first ] and the average keratographic break-up time, [NK-BUT ave ]), bulbar redness (BR), meiboscore (MS), and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) was used to calculate the inferior tear meniscus area (TMA). Results: After using the 0.01% atropine eye drops for 1 month, 9 subjects complained of discomfort immediately after administration, but this quickly subsided, and 1 subject was temporarily dazzled. All the ocular surface symptoms were mild and occurred rarely. After 3 months, these complaints no longer occurred. Compared with the baseline values, the OSDI scores (0.08 ± 0.28), values of TMH (0.23 ± 0.04 mm), TMA (0.0420 ± 0.0444 mm 2), NK-BUT first (9.39 ± 5.25 s), NK-BUT ave (10.49 ± 4.94 s), BR (0.63 ± 0.37), and MS (0.89 ± 0.70) did not change significantly after 6 months of 0.01% atropine eye drop administration (P > 0.05). Conclusion: In this 6-month prospective study, no side effects were observed on the ocular surface after using 0.01% atropine in children.

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“…The significant reduction of aqueous production after AS administration is due to its antimuscarinic activity in the lacrimal gland, with evident modification of tear stability [ 26 ]. This protocol leads to the development of dry-eye syndrome in rabbits and was applied to the evaluation of the efficacy of new polymeric substances such as arabinogalactan [ 27 ], and of human natural constituents such as 2-fucosyl-lactose [ 28 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In any case, one of the main symptoms common to all types of models of dry eye is the scarce tear fluid production and all the different experimental animal models carry out measurements of aqueous tear production using Shirmer test. In the atropine-induced dry eye model in rabbits, other than a reduction of the Shirmer test score to 8.75 mm, an improvement of approximately 93.0 mOsmol/L was observed in the tear fluid of rabbits after 24 h of treatment [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of 5-Oxo-2-Pyrrolidinecarboxylic Acid (PCA) as a New Topically Applied Agent for Dry Eye Syndrome Treatment

et al. 2018

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The aim of the study was the evaluation of the suitability of 5-oxo-2-pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid (PCA), also in combination with hyaluronic acid (HA), as artificial tears for treatment of dry eye syndrome (DES). Different aqueous formulations containing 0.10% w/w of PCA were used to determine: (i) ex vivo permeation profile of PCA in isolated rabbit corneas; (ii) in vivo residence time of PCA in the precorneal area of rabbits; and (iii) in vivo ability of PCA to counteract the reduction of tear production in an experimental model of DES induced in rabbits. The pharmacokinetic profile of PCA in tear fluid was characterized by high concentrations immediately after application, followed by a rapid decrease, with half-life values of 17.16 and 22.27 min for solutions containing PCA alone and in combination with HA, respectively, when 100 µL of solutions were instilled. The addition of HA almost doubled the PCA bioavailability minimizing the ex vivo apparent corneal permeability of PCA. A positive Shirmer Test Score (STS) was observed for PCA compared to contralateral eyes at all days of treatment for PCA/HA formulation. PCA provides protection from desiccation probably for its osmoprotective activity and high water–binding capability, and this behaviour was enhanced by HA.

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Effects of Topical Fucosyl-Lactose, a Milk Oligosaccharide, on Dry Eye Model: An Example of Nutraceutical Candidate

Cited by 20 publications

References 23 publications

Atropine Differentially Modulates ECM Production by Ocular Fibroblasts, and Its Ocular Surface Toxicity Is Blunted by Colostrum

Atropine Differentially Modulates ECM Production by Ocular Fibroblasts, and Its Ocular Surface Toxicity Is Blunted by Colostrum

<p>The Effect of 0.01% Atropine Eye Drops on the Ocular Surface in Children for the Control of Myopia—The Primary Results from a Six-Month Prospective Study</p>

Effect of 5-Oxo-2-Pyrrolidinecarboxylic Acid (PCA) as a New Topically Applied Agent for Dry Eye Syndrome Treatment

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