Effects of Triacetin on Biodiesel Quality

Abstract

Triacetin is a byproduct obtained from the reaction between triglycerides and methyl acetate (interesterification) and has a higher added value than that of glycerol. According to the reaction stoichiometry, the final product contains 20 wt % of triacetin and 80 wt % of biodiesel in a single phase. The aim of this work was to test the performance of biodiesel quality standards when triacetin is present at different concentrations in the biodiesel. We therefore measured properties, such as the density, kinematic viscosity, cloud point, pour point, cold filter plugging point, dynamic viscosity, cetane number, heating value, distillation curve, and flash point, for mixtures of triacetin and biodiesel composed of various amounts of triacetin of up to 20 wt % and different biodiesels (palm, soybean, sunflower, high-oleic sunflower, and rapeseed). Current biodiesel fuel standards would limit the triacetin to about 10 wt % (EN 14214) if they considered that the effect of adding triacetin is different to that of conventional triglycerides. There would not be any restriction for amounts of up to 20 wt % according to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D6751 guidelines.

Avaliação Do Comportamento Reológico E Propriedades De Escoamento a Frio Do Biodiesel De Sebo Bovino E Suas Misturas Com Diesel

“…Dentre tais métodos, o uso de aditivos como melhoradores de fluxo a frio proporciona uma forma econômica e prática de solução de problemas relacionados ao congelamento e tem sido investigada em diversos estudos (Knothe, 2009;Chen et al, 2010;Perez et al, 2010;Smith et al, 2010).…”

“…Relataram que a adição de triacetina diminuiu o número de cetano, causou um aumento da densidade e da viscosidade e pouco melhorou as propriedades de escoamento a frio e estabilidade à oxidação do biodiesel de canola. Casas et al (2010), avaliaram propriedades, tais como a densidade, viscosidade cinemática e dinâmica, ponto de névoa (PN), ponto de fluidez (PF), ponto de entupimento de filtro a frio (PEFF), índice de cetano, curva de destilação e ponto de fulgor, para misturas de biodiesel (palma, soja, girassol, alto teor de ácido oléico e colza).e triacetina em diferentes proporções de até 20% em peso de triacetina. Constataram uma redução de 4°C para os B100 de palma e canola para o teor de 20% em peso de triacetina nos respectivos biodiesel.…”

Bi̇yodi̇zel Yan Ürünü Gli̇seri̇ni̇n Esterleşme Ve Aseti̇lasyonu İle Değerli̇ Ki̇myasallarin Üreti̇mi̇

“…Monoasetin ve diasetin ise kriyojenide ve biyolojik olarak parçalanabilen polyester üretiminde hammadde olarak kullanılırlar [2]. Monoasetin ayrıca gıda ve ilaç sanayinde de kullanılmaktadır [3,4]. Yakıt katkı maddesi olarak kullanılan triasetin yakıtın oktan sayısını arttırmaktadır [3].…”

Synthesis of bio-additives: transesterification of ethyl acetate with glycerol using homogeneous or heterogeneous acid catalysts

“…In this context, the production of acetins is a chemically suitable application for the excess glycerol from biodiesel production. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] Acetins are mono-, di-, and triacetate esters of glycerol. Monoacetins and diacetins have wide applications as raw materials for biodegradable polyesters, pharmaceuticals, food and cosmetic industries.…”

“…20,21 Triacetin occupies 10% of the worldwide glycerol market as fuel additives, antiknock additive for gasoline, additives in cosmetics, in foods, and as solvents, among other uses. 22,23 Conventionally, acetins are synthesized via glycerol esterification with excess acetic acid and/or acetic anhydride under mineral acid catalysis. 24 Currently, heterogeneous catalysts such as acidic ion-exchange organic resins, 20,21 zeolites, 25 niobic acid, 26 activated carbon-supported heteropolyacids, 27 zirconia-based catalysts, 28 metal/SBA-15 catalyst 29 among others are being utilized in the synthesis of acetins.…”