Effects of Two Training Programs on Transcriptional Levels of Neurotrophins and Glial Cells Population in Hippocampus of Experimental Multiple Sclerosis

Naghibzadeh, Maryam; Ranjbar, Reza; Tabandeh, Mohammad Reza; Habibi, Abdolhamid

doi:10.1055/a-0608-4635

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Most studies in nonobese subjects have reported higher BDNF and TrkB expression during low-intensity exercise than high-intensity exercise (Ghodrati-Jaldbakhan et al, 2017;Shih et al, 2013). Some studies have reported that high-intensity interval training is more effective for BDNF expression in the hippocampus than continuous low-intensity exercise (Freitas et al, 2018;Naghibzadeh et al, 2018). However, no studies have been conducted to determine which exercise intensity was most effective in improving BDNF and TrkB expression and cognitive function by performing tests with various exercise intensities with HFDs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-intensity exercise improves cognitive function and hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in obese mice maintained on high-fat diet

Kim¹,

Baek²,

Yu³

et al. 2020

J Exerc Rehabil

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We wanted to find the intensity of exercise that could increase brainderived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression and improve spatial learning and memory without dietary control. C57BL/6 mice were fed a 60% high-fat diet (HFD) for 6 weeks to induce obesity. Obesity-induced mice were exercised on a treadmill for 8 weeks at various exercise intensities: HFD-control (n= 7), HFD-low-intensity exercise (HFD-LIE, n= 7, 12 m/min for 75 min), HFD-middle intensity exercise (HFD-MIE, n= 7, 15 m/min for 60 min) and HFD-high-intensity exercise (HFD-HIE, n= 7, 18 m/min for 50 min). One week before sacrificing mice, the Morris water maze test was performed, and the hippocampus was immediately removed after sacrifice. The expression levels of BDNF (encoded by the gene Bdnf) and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) in the hippocampus were analyzed by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot. In the last probe test of the Morris water maze test, occupancy in the target quadrant was significantly higher in the HFD-HIE group (P< 0.05) than in the other groups. In addition, mRNA expression from the Bdnf promoter region was found to be significantly higher in the HFD-HIE group than in the other groups (P< 0.001). Although there were some differences in the levels of significance, the expression levels of both BDNF and TrkB were significantly higher in the HFD-HIE group than in the other groups. Therefore, relatively high-intensity aerobic exercise can resist the adverse effects of a high-fat diet on the brain without dietary control.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-intensity exercise improves cognitive function and hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in obese mice maintained on high-fat diet

Kim¹,

Baek²,

Yu³

et al. 2020

J Exerc Rehabil

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“…FE has been tested in CPZ model (40, 41). Two treadmill-based protocols, the high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and the low-intensity continuous training (LICT), started 4 weeks before CPZ feeding, reduced motor deficits of CPZ-injured animals and increased the mRNA of neurotrophic factors in the hippocampus.…”

Section: Immune Players In Ms Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory Effects of Exercise in Experimental Multiple Sclerosis

et al. 2019

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Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease. Though a specific antigen has not been identified, it is widely accepted that MS is an autoimmune disorder characterized by myelin-directed immune attack. Pharmacological treatments for MS are based on immunomodulatory or immunosuppressant drugs, designed to attenuate or dampen the immune reaction, to improve neurological functions. Recently, rehabilitation has gained increasing attention in the scientific community dealing with MS. Engagement of people with MS in exercise programs has been associated with a number of functional improvements in mobility, balance, and motor coordination. Moreover, several studies indicate the effectiveness of exercise against fatigue and mood disorders that are frequently associated with the disease. However, whether exercise acts like an immunomodulatory therapy is still an unresolved question. A good tool to address this issue is provided by the study of the immunomodulatory effects of exercise in an animal model of MS, including the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the Theiler's virus induced-demyelinating disease (TMEV-IDD) and toxic-demyelinating models, cuprizone (CPZ), and lysolecithin (LPC). So far, despite the availability of different animal models, most of the pre-clinical data have been gained in EAE and to a lesser extent in CPZ and LPC. These studies have highlighted beneficial effects of exercise, suggesting the modulation of both the innate and the adaptive immune response in the peripheral blood as well as in the brain. In the present paper, starting from the biological differences among MS animal models in terms of immune system involvement, we revise the literature regarding the effects of exercise in EAE, CPZ, and LPC, and critically highlight the advantages of either model, including the so-far unexplored TMEV-IDD, to address the immune effects of exercise in MS.

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“…Other studies have investigated the interactions between exercise and oligodendrocyte repopulation in models of MS (Jensen et al, 2018;Kim & Sung, 2017;Naghibzadeh, Ranjbar, Tabandeh, & Habibi, 2018). The first study examined whether exercise improved longterm memory deficits and hippocampal neuroplasticity in EAE mice (Kim & Sung, 2017).…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second study investigated the effects of prior exerciseeither high-intensity interval training or low-intensity continuous training-on oligodendrocyte loss in young male C57BL/6 mice following cuprizone demyelination (Naghibzadeh et al, 2018). After 4 weeks of forced treadmill exercise, mice were fed 0.2% cuprizone to induce demyelination and then exercised for 5 more weeks before sacrifice.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Animal studies document the changes in BDNF gene expression in the spinal cord, cerebellum, amygdala, caudal neocortex, and perirhinal cortex after exercise (Voss, Vivar, Kramer, & van Praag, 2013). In research using EAE models, changes in BDNF levels were inconsistent between studies (Bernardes et al, 2013;Klaren et al, 2016;Naghibzadeh et al, 2018;Patel & White, 2013). Prior exercise (i.e., beginning before EAE immunization) increased BDNF levels in the brain and spinal cord, decreased spinal cord demyelination, and decreased lesion sizes in EAE mice (Bernardes et al, 2013).…”

Section: Murine Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Exercise in multiple sclerosis and its models: Focus on the central nervous system outcomes

Guo

Lozinski

Yong

2019

J of Neuroscience Research

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system (CNS) disorder characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. Emerging research suggests that exercise has therapeutic benefits for MS patients but the clinical data have focused primarily on non‐CNS outcomes. In this review, we discuss evidence in preclinical MS models that exercise influences oligodendrocyte proliferation and repopulation, remyelination, neuroinflammation, neuroprotection, axonal regeneration, and astrogliosis. Evidence for the therapeutic effects of exercise in MS is further supplemented by data from other CNS diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and spinal cord injury. These results motivate studies into the benefits that exercise confers within the CNS in MS.

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Effects of Two Training Programs on Transcriptional Levels of Neurotrophins and Glial Cells Population in Hippocampus of Experimental Multiple Sclerosis

Cited by 22 publications

References 78 publications

High-intensity exercise improves cognitive function and hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in obese mice maintained on high-fat diet

High-intensity exercise improves cognitive function and hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in obese mice maintained on high-fat diet

Immunomodulatory Effects of Exercise in Experimental Multiple Sclerosis

Exercise in multiple sclerosis and its models: Focus on the central nervous system outcomes

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