Effects of uncertainties in meteorological inputs on urban airshed model predictions and ozone control strategies

Sistla, Gopal; Zhou, Nianjun; Hao, Winston; Ku, Jia‐Yeong; Rao, S. Trivikrama; Bornstein, Robert D.; Freedman, F.; Thunis, Philippe

doi:10.1016/1352-2310(95)00268-5

Cited by 83 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Otherwise, it was not possible to represent the transport, deposition, and dispersion of a chemical species and their concentration fields and chemical reactions accurately. Sistla et al (1996), for example, showed the influence of meteorological uncertainties with respect to ozone control strategies. Al-Wali and Samson (1996) illustrated the sensitivity of the Urban Airshed Model to the placement of boundary layer measurements with respect to the location of emissions.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-range aerosol transport from Europe to Istanbul, Turkey

Kındap

Ünal

Chen

et al. 2006

Atmospheric Environment

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-range aerosol transport from Europe to Istanbul, Turkey

Kındap

Ünal

Chen

et al. 2006

Atmospheric Environment

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“…These surface air chemistry observations, combined with twice-daily National Weather Service (NWS) profiles of wind, temperature, and moisture collected at stations separated by several hundred kilometers still serve as the basic tools for local and regional-scale air-quality studies [e.g., Hanna et al, 1996;Sistla et al, 1996]. Although air-quality monitoring networks provide observations of the spatial and temporal variation of ozone and ozone precursors at the surface, they provide no information about chemistry above the ground.…”

Section: Introduction Quence Surface Measurements Are Generally Reprmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation mechanisms and chemical characteristics of elevated photochemical layers over the northeast United States

Berkowitz¹,

Fast²,

Springston³

et al. 1998

J. Geophys. Res.

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Abstract. The chemical composition of layers of trace gas mixtures within the lower troposphere and their relationship to surface trace gas concentrations are investigated using airborne chemistry and meteorological measurements made over eastern Connecticut and central Massachusetts. Layers of photochemically aged matehal were identified by maxima above the surface stable layer in the profiles of 03, NOy, CO, aerosols, peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), and the ratio of highly to lesser reactive hydrocarbons (e.g., benzene and toluene). Observations suggest that strong diurnal variations in surface-ozone mixing ratios are associated with elevated layers of ozone and other trace gases. The elevated layers were also associated with strong gradients of NOx both vertically, across the mixed layer, and horizontally, between urban and rural regions, providing evidence for the dominant role of localized anthropogenic NOx emissions over North America on ozone production in urban regions. On days when elevated layers were detected, isoprene's late-morning propeneequivalent mixing ratio (a measure of nonmethane hydrocarbon reactivity with OH) was an order of magnitude greater than that of the next most reactive species up to an altitude of 650 rn mean sea level. Four-dimensional data assimilation was used within a mesoscale model to study the formation mechanism and history of these layers, with a key result being that no unique "age" or source region could generally be attributed to these layers as a consequence of turbulent mixing and transport leading to their formation.

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“…60 The operational, diagnostic, and mechanistic procedures used to evaluate models and their input processors continue to be refined. [61][62][63][64][65][66][67] Special field measurement programs have been carried out in a few areas to provide improved databases to support modeling. 68 -72 Corroborative analyses have been increasingly used to confirm modeling results.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Quality Modeling and Decisions for Ozone Reduction Strategies

Roth

Reynolds

Tesche³

2005

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Despite the widespread application of photochemical air quality models (AQMs) in U.S. state implementation planning (SIP) for attainment of the ambient ozone standard, documentation for the reliability of projections has remained highly subjective. An "idealized" evaluation framework is proposed that provides a means for assessing reliability. Applied to 18 cases of regulatory modeling in the early 1990s in North America, a comparative review of these applications is reported. The intercomparisons suggest that more than two thirds of these AQM applications suffered from having inadequate air quality and meteorological databases. Emissions representations often were unreliable; uncertainties were too high. More than two thirds of the performance evaluation efforts were judged to be substandard compared with idealized goals. Meteorological conditions chosen according regulatory guidelines were limited to one or two cases and tended to be similar, thus limiting the extent to which public policy makers could be confident that the emission controls adopted would yield attainment for a broad range of adverse atmospheric conditions. More than half of the studies reviewed did not give sufficient attention to addressing the potential for compensating errors. Corroborative analyses were conducted in only one of the 18 studies reviewed. Insufficient attention was given to the estimation of model and/or input database errors, uncertainties, or variability in all of the cases examined.

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Effects of uncertainties in meteorological inputs on urban airshed model predictions and ozone control strategies

Cited by 83 publications

References 4 publications

Long-range aerosol transport from Europe to Istanbul, Turkey

Long-range aerosol transport from Europe to Istanbul, Turkey

Formation mechanisms and chemical characteristics of elevated photochemical layers over the northeast United States

Air Quality Modeling and Decisions for Ozone Reduction Strategies

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