Effects of upper cervical spinal cord stimulation on neurons in the lumbosacral enlargement of the cat: spinothalamic tract neurons

Djouhri, Laiche; Brown, A. G.; Short, A.D.

doi:10.1016/0306-4522(95)00210-a

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This observation must be due to activation of neuronal systems that either take origin between C1 and C3, and are being excited orthodromically, or terminate between C1 and C3 and are being excited antidromically. Recently, we (Djouhri et al 1995) have discussed our reasons for concluding that the neuronal system responsible for similar excitatory effects to those described here, but on spinothalamic cells, is the SCT. We refer the reader to that article.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Indeed, in many cells the connexion was powerful enough to allow the conclusion that SCT input could be responsible for a considerable proportion of the SMT cell's firing. The figure of 90% of SMT cells activated from the SCT is a much greater proportion than for other ascending somatosensory pathways examined so far: postsynaptic dorsal column neurons, about 50% (Brown et al 1986); spinothalamic neurons, about 60% (Djouhri et al 1995); dorsal horn spinocerebellar tract neurons in L6-7, about 45%, and in L5, about 15% (Djouhri et al 1996); spino-olivary and spinoreticular neurons, about 33% (A. G. Brown, L. Djouhri and A. D. Short, unpublished observations).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…spinothalamic tract neurons recorded previously in the cat by Meyers and Snow (1982) and by us (Djouhri et al 1995). Yezierski et al (1987) have reported spinal neurons in the monkey projecting to both midbrain and thalamus, and cells projecting to both targets had higher axonal conduction velocities than those projecting only to the midbrain.…”

Section: Midbrain Stimulation Sitesmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…SCT axons should be excited antidromically by stimulating the dorsolateral funiculus below the LCN (at C3) but not by stimulating above the LCN (at rostral C1). Such an experimental paradigm has been used previously to test a similar hypothesis for postsynaptic dorsal column neurons (Jankowska et al 1979;Brown et al 1986), spinothalamic tract neurons (Djouhri et al 1995) and dorsal horn spinocerebellar tract neurons (Djouhri et al 1996). The concept is simple but in practice various compromises and controls are necessary.…”

Section: Antidromic Activation Of the Sctmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such cells were found in laminae IV to VIII. Subsequently, we have provided evidence that deep spinothalamic tract neurons and dorsal horn spinocerebellar tract neurons may be activated via SCT collaterals (Djouhri et al 1995(Djouhri et al , 1996. The electrophysiological methods used in these experiments were similar to those used previously by Jankowska et al (1979) and Brown et al (1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrophysiological evidence that spinomesencephalic neurons in the cat may be excited via spinocervical tract collaterals

et al. 1997

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Extracellular microelectrode recordings were made from spinomesencephalic tract (SMT) neurons in the lumbosacral spinal cord of cats anaesthetized with chloralose and paralysed with gallamine triethiodide. The SMT cells were antidromically fired from the posterolateral parts of the superior colliculus and the intercollicular region, were located in laminae IV to VIII, and had response properties and axonal conduction velocities similar to those described previously. The effects of stimulating the dorsolateral funiculus of the cervical cord at C3 and rostral C1, below and above the termination of spinocervical tract (SCT) axons in the lateral cervical nucleus, were examined on 33 SMT cells. The strength of stimulation was adjusted so that at C3 it was above threshold for antidromic activation of SCT cells and at C1 was below threshold for activation of the same cells. Seven (21%) SMT neurons were excited from C3 but not from C1. The remaining 26 (79%) were excited from both C3 and rostral C1 and 23 (70% of these) were excited significantly more from C3. That is, 91% of the total sample were either excited only from C3 or more strongly from C3 than from rostral C1. We discuss the possible neuronal systems involved and conclude that the greater excitatory effects from C3 are most likely due to antidromic activation of the SCT. The shortest latency effects from C3 indicate a monosynaptic linkage between SCT cells with the fastest axons and the SMT. The longer latency actions may be due to monosynaptic connexions from SCT cells with slower conducting axons, to di- or polysynaptic actions from SCT cells with fast axons, or a combination of both. SMT cells are another population of spinal neurons, in addition to postsynaptic dorsal column, spinothalamic and dorsal horn spinocerebellar neurons, which receive excitation via SCT collaterals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Midbrain Stimulation Sitesmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Antidromic Activation Of the Sctmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrophysiological evidence that spinomesencephalic neurons in the cat may be excited via spinocervical tract collaterals

et al. 1997

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Segmental and laminar organization of the spinothalamic neurons in cat: Evidence for at least five separate clusters

Klop

Mouton

Holstege

2005

J of Comparative Neurology

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The spinothalamic tract (STT), well known for its role in the relay of information about noxe, temperature, and crude touch, is usually associated with projections from lamina I, but spinothalamic neurons in other laminae have also been reported. In cat, no complete overview exists of the precise location and number of spinal cells that project to the thalamus. In the present study the laminar distribution of retrogradely labeled cells in all spinal segments (C1-Coc2) was investigated after large WGA-HRP injections in the thalamus. The results show that this distribution of STT cells differed greatly between the different spinal segments. Quantitative analysis showed that there exist at least five separate clusters of spinothalamic neurons. Lamina I neurons in cluster A and lamina V neurons in cluster B are mainly found contralaterally throughout the length of the spinal cord. Cluster C neurons are located bilaterally in the ventrolateral part of laminae VI-VII and lamina VIII of the C1-C3 spinal cord. Cluster D neurons were found contralaterally in lamina VI in the C1-C2 segments, and cluster E neurons were located mainly contralaterally in the medial part of laminae VI-VII and lamina VIII of the lumbosacral cord. Most spinothalamic neurons are not located in the enlargements and most spinothalamic neurons are not located in lamina I, as suggested by several other authors. The location of the spinothalamic neurons shows remarkable similarities, but also differences, with the location of spino-periaqueductal gray neurons.

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Peripheral Nerve Stimulation

Slavin

2014

Textbook of Neuromodulation

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Effects of upper cervical spinal cord stimulation on neurons in the lumbosacral enlargement of the cat: spinothalamic tract neurons

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Electrophysiological evidence that spinomesencephalic neurons in the cat may be excited via spinocervical tract collaterals

Electrophysiological evidence that spinomesencephalic neurons in the cat may be excited via spinocervical tract collaterals

Segmental and laminar organization of the spinothalamic neurons in cat: Evidence for at least five separate clusters

Peripheral Nerve Stimulation

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