Effects of various adjuvants (lactic acid, glycerol, and chitosan) on the injectability of a calcium phosphate cement

Leroux, L.; Hatim, Z.; Frèche, M.; Lacout, J.L.

doi:10.1016/s8756-3282(99)00130-1

Cited by 156 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…15 This probably is a result of the higher porosity of the present cement (46% volume fraction) than that of the TTCP-DCPA cement (38% volume fraction). 22 Despite the potential disadvantage of having slightly lower strengths than the TTCP-DCPA cement, the TTCP-DCPD cement has greater strength 23,24 and/or hardens more rapidly 24,25 than several other calcium phosphate cements currently in clinical use. Finally, the present cement may be advantageous in that it should have a higher in vivo resorption rate due to its greater porosity than some of the existing cements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A water setting tetracalcium phosphate–dicalcium phosphate dihydrate cement

Burguera

Guitián

Chow³

2004

J Biomedical Materials Res

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The development of a calcium phosphate cement, comprising tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD), that hardens in 14 min with water as the liquid or 6 min with a 0.25 mol/L sodium phosphate solution as the liquid, without using hydroxyapatite (HA) seeds as setting accelerator, is reported. It was postulated that reduction in porosity would increase cement strength. Thus, the effects of applied pressure during the initial stages of the cement setting reaction on cement strength and porosity were studied. The cement powder comprised an equimolar mixture of TTCP and DCPD (median particle sizes 17 and 1.7 microm, respectively). Compressive strengths (CS) of samples prepared with distilled water were 47.6 +/- 2.4 MPa, 50.7 +/- 4.2 MPa, and 52.9 +/- 4.7 MPa at applied pressures of 5 MPa, 15 MPa, and 25 MPa, respectively. When phosphate solution was used, the CS values obtained were 41.5 +/- 2.3 MPa, 37.9 +/- 1.7 MPa, and 38.1 +/- 2.3 MPa at the same pressure levels. Statistical analysis of the results showed that pressure produced an improvement in CS when water was used as liquid but not when the phosphate solution was used. Compared to previously reported TTCP-DCPD cements, the greater CS values and shorter setting times together with a simplified formulation should make the present TTCP-DCPD cement a useful material as a bone substitute for clinical applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A water setting tetracalcium phosphate–dicalcium phosphate dihydrate cement

Burguera

Guitián

Chow³

2004

J Biomedical Materials Res

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“…% [350]. Application of biocompatible α-hydroxylated organic acids (glycolic, lactic, malic, tartaric and citric acids) and their calcium and sodium salts for modification of both rheological and setting properties of calcium orthophosphate cements is well described elsewhere [351,352]. Besides, aqueous solutions of sodium orthophosphates [97,211,309,[353][354][355][356] and gelatinized starch [357] are also known as setting time accelerators.…”

Section: Properties Improvingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Setting Calcium Orthophosphate Formulations: Cements, Concretes, Pastes and Putties

Dorozhkin¹

2012

IJMC

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In early 1980s, researchers discovered self-setting calcium orthophosphate cements, which are a bioactive and biodegradable grafting material in the form of a powder and a liquid. Both phases after mixing form a viscous paste that after being implanted sets and hardens within the body as either a non-stoichiometric calcium deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA) or brushite, sometimes blended with un-reacted particles and other phases. As both CDHA and brushite are remarkably biocompartible and bioresorbable (therefore, in vivo they can be replaced with a newly forming bone), self-setting calcium orthophosphate cements represent a good correction technique of non-weight-bearing bone fractures or defects and appear to be very promising materials for bone grafting applications. Besides, these cements possess an excellent osteoconductivity, molding capabilities, and easy manipulation. Nearly perfect adaptation to the tissue surfaces in bone defects and a gradual bioresorption followed by new bone formation are additional distinctive advantages of calcium orthophosphate cements. Besides, reinforced formulations are available; those are described as calcium orthophosphate concretes. Furthermore, formulations with high viscosity, such as pastes and putties are also known. The discovery of self-setting formulations has opened up a new era in the medical application of calcium orthophosphates; several commercial compositions have already been introduced as a result. Many more formulations are in experimental stages. In this review, an insight into the self-setting calcium orthophosphate formulations, as excellent biomaterials suitable for both dental and bone grafting applications, has been provided.

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“…They include sodium hydrogen pyrophosphate (Na 2 H 2 P 2 O 7 ) and magnesium sulfate (according to other studies, ions of citrate, sulfate and pyrophosphate are necessary [251,395]), which are added in amounts <1 wt% [396]. Application of biocompatible α-hydroxylated organic acids (glycolic, lactic, malic, tartaric and citric acids) and their calcium and sodium salts for modification of both rheological and setting properties of calcium orthophosphate formulations is well described elsewhere [397,398]. Besides, aqueous solutions of sodium orthophosphates [120, 239,273,353,[399][400][401] and gelatinized starch [402] are also known as setting time accelerators.…”

Section: Properties Improvingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Setting Calcium Orthophosphate Formulations

Dorozhkin¹

2012

Calcium Orthophosphates

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Abstract:In early 1980s, researchers discovered self-setting calcium orthophosphate cements, which are bioactive and biodegradable grafting bioceramics in the form of a powder and a liquid. After mixing, both phases form pastes, which set and harden forming either a non-stoichiometric calcium deficient hydroxyapatite or brushite. Since both of them are remarkably biocompartible, bioresorbable and osteoconductive, self-setting calcium orthophosphate formulations appear to be promising bioceramics for bone grafting. Furthermore, such formulations possess excellent molding capabilities, easy manipulation and nearly perfect adaptation to the complex shapes of bone defects, followed by gradual bioresorption and new bone formation. In addition, reinforced formulations have been introduced, which might be described as calcium orthophosphate concretes. The discovery of self-setting properties opened up a new era in the medical application of calcium orthophosphates and many commercial trademarks have been introduced as a result. Currently such formulations are widely used as synthetic bone grafts, with several advantages, such as pourability and injectability. Moreover, their low-temperature setting reactions and intrinsic porosity allow loading by drugs, biomolecules and even cells for tissue engineering purposes. In this review, an insight into the self-setting calcium orthophosphate formulations, as excellent bioceramics suitable for both dental and bone grafting applications, has been provided.

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Effects of various adjuvants (lactic acid, glycerol, and chitosan) on the injectability of a calcium phosphate cement

Cited by 156 publications

References 4 publications

A water setting tetracalcium phosphate–dicalcium phosphate dihydrate cement

A water setting tetracalcium phosphate–dicalcium phosphate dihydrate cement

Self-Setting Calcium Orthophosphate Formulations: Cements, Concretes, Pastes and Putties

Self-Setting Calcium Orthophosphate Formulations

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