Effects of varying the threshold of alarm systems and workload on human performance

Bustamante, Ernesto A.; Bliss, James P.; Anderson, Brittany L.

doi:10.1080/00140130701237345

Cited by 45 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This may be related to the marked inter-individual task performance differences, evidenced by large standard errors, in particular in the cognitively more loaded tasks. Inter- individual task performance differences may be related to differences in operators' sleepiness, workload, adjustment to shift-work, and work conditions (Akerstedt, 2007;Bustamante, Bliss, & Anderson, 2007 ;Costa & Sartori, 2007), in addition to the afore-mentioned lack of control for external factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of task performance variations according to task requirements and alertness across the 24-h day in shift workers

2008

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The study investigated time-of-day effects on task performance in shift-workers in different tasks (reaction-time, discrimination, probe recognition, free recall), by varying task-specific features. On each of six recordings, each programmed on a different day and in a randomized order, operators rated alertness and performed different tasks. Self-rated alertness varied according to a typical diurnal trend.Time of day also affected reaction time (slower responses at 03:00), discrimination performance (lower accuracy at 03:00 in the most difficult condition), and recall (superior recall at 07:00 and 11:00 following deeper processing at encoding). The data demonstrated time-of-day effects on cognitive processes also involved in many real-job activities, despite the lack of control for a number of exogenous factors known to interfere with performance in work settings. Since in the cognitively more loaded tasks, time-of-day effects depended on task conditions, the findings are of operational concern in shift-work situations involving differential task requirements.Keywords: Shift-workers, Alertness, Reaction time, Non-verbal Discrimination, Memory TasksPage 2 of 68 URL: http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/terg E-mail: ergonomics@tandf.co.uk Ergonomics 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 Statement of relevanceIn a real-job setting, performance variations were observed according to time-ofday and task-requirements in a set of cognitively more or less demanding tasks.Task-specific research across the 24-h day enables a better understanding of operators' tasks and the development of supporting technology. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 IntroductionOver the last few decades, a number of studies showed how performance measures are affected by sleep drive (homeostatic influence) and circadian phase.The demonstration of an interaction of circadian phase and time awake in the regulation of performance came from laboratory studies under controlled conditions and/or manipulation of the sleep/wake cycle (for a review, Akerstedt, 2007). Several theoretical models conceptualized this interaction by proposing an optimal position and duration for sleep, with any deviation impairing performance and alertness (Folkard & Akerstedt, 1992;Achermann & Borbély, 1994; Van Dongen, Maislin, Mullington, & Dinges, 2003). Systematic performance measures in relation to different simulated shift systems further confirmed a sharp performance drop in the early morning hours (Colquhoun, 1969). This was observed in most tasks that require sustained attention, such as reaction time performance or throughput in cognitive tasks (Fröberg, 1975;Colquhoun, 1968; Johnson, 19...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of task performance variations according to task requirements and alertness across the 24-h day in shift workers

2008

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“…Perceived alarm urgency contributes to the nurses' alarm response, but nurses use additional strategies to determine response including the criticality of the patient, signal duration, rarity of alarming device, and workload. [21][22][23][24][25] A caregiver's "probability match" is the alarm response based on the perceived true alarm rate. If an alarm system is perceived to be 90% reliable, the response rate will be about 90%; if the alarm system is perceived to be 10% reliable, the response rate will be about 10%.…”

Section: Nurses' Response To Alarmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitor Alarm Fatigue : An Integrative Review

Cvach

2012

Biomedical Instrumentation & Technology

489

423

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Alarm fatigue is a national problem and the number one medical device technology hazard in 2012. The problem of alarm desensitization is multifaceted and related to a high false alarm rate, poor positive predictive value, lack of alarm standardization, and the number of alarming medical devices in hospitals today. This integrative review synthesizes research and non-research findings published between 1/1/2000 and 10/1/2011 using The Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice model. Seventy-two articles were included. Research evidence was organized into five main themes: excessive alarms and effects on staff; nurse's response to alarms; alarm sounds and audibility; technology to reduce false alarms; and alarm notification systems. Non-research evidence was divided into two main themes: strategies to reduce alarm desensitization, and alarm priority and notification systems. Evidence-based practice recommendations and gaps in research are summarized.

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“…The other possible problem with high thresholds is that it is possible that the system will delay the alarms, therefore giving the operators less time to respond to true signals (Getty, Swets, Pickett, & Gonthier, 1995). Bustamante et al (2007) mentioned that setting the threshold low enough to grant a high hit rate also raises the FA rate. Furthermore, this problem is magnified because, in most applied settings, the probability of imminent danger is lower than the probability of no danger (Getty et al, 1995).…”

Section: Setting An Optimal Thresholdmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of System Technology and Probability Type on Trust, Compliance, and Reliance

Stanton

Ragsdale

Bustamante

2009

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual

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The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of system technology (binary vs. likelihood) and probability type (false-alarm prone vs. miss-prone) on trust, compliance and reliance using a false alarm forgiving task. Onehundred university students participated in this study. Participants completed three simulated flight missions composed of two primary flight tasks and a secondary engine-monitoring task. During the first mission, participants performed the engine-monitoring task without the aid of an automated alarm system. During the second and third sessions, participants had the opportunity to perform the engine-monitoring task with the aid of an alarm system. Results partially supported our hypotheses. Consistent with prior research, system probability type had a statistically main effect on trust. As expected, system technology and probability type had a statistically significant interaction effect on compliance. However, contrary to our prediction, results showed an unexpected interaction effect between system technology and probability type on reliance. The results of this study assist in defining the association among these three constructs and will aid in the future development of application principles for human-automation interaction.

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Effects of varying the threshold of alarm systems and workload on human performance

Cited by 45 publications

References 26 publications

Investigation of task performance variations according to task requirements and alertness across the 24-h day in shift workers

Investigation of task performance variations according to task requirements and alertness across the 24-h day in shift workers

Monitor Alarm Fatigue : An Integrative Review

The Effects of System Technology and Probability Type on Trust, Compliance, and Reliance

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