Effects of Vehicle Type and Inter-Vehicle Distance on Aerodynamic Characteristics during Vehicle Platooning

Kim, Wootaek; Noh, Jongchan; Lee, Jinwook

doi:10.3390/app11094096

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…However, this requires the direct manufacture of a new configuration at the design stage, which is not entirely expedient from the point of view of its optimization and the expenditure of time and money. Numerical modelling methods using CAD can be an alternative [8][9][10][11]. This study is devoted to the determination of the aerodynamic drag coefficient by means of computer modelling in the SolidWorks Flow Simulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerodynamic Drag Study of the Heat Exchange Equipment with Different Fin Geometries

Korobiichuk,

Kostyk,

Shybetskyi

et al. 2023

ASI

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This article is devoted to the method of numerical modelling of aerodynamics when the air flows around fins of a special design, which is implemented in SolidWorks Flow Simulation. The study was carried out for three types of rib orientation, and the aerodynamic drag coefficients were determined for different values of the Reynolds number. It was confirmed that the drag coefficient values depend significantly on the flow regime. The lowest value of the drag coefficient is observed when the fins are oriented from a larger diameter to a smaller one. In the laminar regime (Re < 2300), the average value of CX = 1.04, in the transitional regime (2300 < Re < 10,000), CX = 0.74, and in the turbulent regime (Re > 10,000), CX = 0.22. Characteristic for this case of orientation is a significant decrease in the drag coefficient during the transition from laminar to turbulent regime; the minimum is observed at the flow speed in the range between 2 and 3 m/s.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerodynamic Drag Study of the Heat Exchange Equipment with Different Fin Geometries

Korobiichuk,

Kostyk,

Shybetskyi

et al. 2023

ASI

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“…For example, refs. [15,16] show how drag coefficient influences the energy consumption according to inter-vehicle distance. Depending on the number of vehicles, the air drag coefficient of vehicles in the group can be reduced by 40% [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Efficiency of Connected and Automated Buses Platooning in Mixed Traffic Environment

et al. 2022

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Due to the battery capacity limitation of battery electric vehicles (BEVs), the importance of minimizing energy consumption has been increasing in recent years. In the mean time, for improving vehicle energy efficiency, platooning has attracted attention of several automakers. Using the connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) technology, platooning can achieve a longer driving range while preserving a closer distance from the preceding vehicle, resulting in the minimization of the aerodynamic force. However, undesired behaviors of human-driven vehicles (HVs) in the platooning group can prohibit the maximization of the energy efficiency. In this paper, we developed a speed planner based on the model predictive control (MPC) to minimize the total platooning energy consumption, and HVs were programmed to maintain a long enough distance from the preceding vehicle to avoid collision. The simulations were performed to determine how HV influences the efficiencies of the platooning group, which is composed of CAVs and HVs together, in several scenarios including the different positions and numbers of the HVs. Test results show that the CAVs planned by our approach reduces energy consumption by about 4% or more than 4% compared to that of the HVs.

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“…He then noted that at large spacings between x/L = 1 and 2 that the drag on the bodies become constant as they resumed a flow like that of the isolated body. Papers from Kim and Le Good [14,15] both used simplified bodies to investigate the aerodynamic impact on the geometry of the platoon members and its effects on the drag of the platoon. Also notable is the work that has been done on HVPs by the likes of Watts et al [2] who used CFD studies to analyze the interactions of tractor trailer platooning as well as the flow around surface mounted cubes in a tandem orientation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Numerical Investigation Framework for Ground Vehicle Platooning

Bounds

Rajasekar

Uddin

2021

Fluids

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This paper presents a study on the flow dynamics involving vehicle interactions. In order to do so, this study first explores aerodynamic prediction capabilities of popular turbulence models used in computational fluid dynamics simulations involving tandem objects and thus, ultimately presents a framework for CFD simulations of ground vehicle platooning using a realistic vehicle model, DrivAer. Considering the availability of experimental data, the simulation methodology is first developed using a tandem arrangement of surface-mounted cubes which requires an understanding on the role of turbulence models and the impacts of the associated turbulence model closure coefficients on the prediction veracity. It was observed that the prediction accuracy of the SST k−ω turbulence model can be significantly improved through the use of a combination of modified values for the closure coefficients. Additionally, the initial validation studies reveal the inability of the Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) approach to resolve the far wake, and its frailty in simulating tandem body interactions. The Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulations (IDDES) approach can resolve the wakes with a reasonable accuracy. The validated simulation methodology is then applied to the fastback DrivAer model at different longitudinal spacing. The results show that, as the longitudinal spacing is reduced, the trailing car’s drag is increased while the leading car’s drag is decreased which supports prior explanations of vortex impingement as the reason for drag changes. Additionally, unlike the case of platooning involving Ahmed bodies, the trailing model drag does not return to an isolated state value at a two car-length separation. However, the impact of the resolution of the far wake of a detailed DrivAer model, and its implication on the CFD characterization of vehicle interaction aerodynamics need further investigations.

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Effects of Vehicle Type and Inter-Vehicle Distance on Aerodynamic Characteristics during Vehicle Platooning

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Aerodynamic Drag Study of the Heat Exchange Equipment with Different Fin Geometries

Aerodynamic Drag Study of the Heat Exchange Equipment with Different Fin Geometries

Evaluating the Efficiency of Connected and Automated Buses Platooning in Mixed Traffic Environment

Development of a Numerical Investigation Framework for Ground Vehicle Platooning

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