Effects of Vertical Gradient of Leaf Nitrogen Content on Canopy Photosynthesis in Tall and Dwarf Cultivars of Sorghum

Tominaga, Jun; Yabuta, Shin; Fukuzawa, Yasunori; Kawasaki, Shun-Ichiro; Jaiphong, Thanankorn; Suwa, Rempei; Kawamitsu, Yoshinobu

doi:10.1626/pps.18.336

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Sorghum bicolor ( Muchow and Sinclair 1994 ; Anten et al. 1995 ; Tominaga et al. 2015 ), Zea mays ( Muchow and Sinclair 1994 ; Lindquist and Mortensen 1999 ; Osaki et al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Amount of Nitrogen Used for Photosynthesis Modulates Molecular Evolution in Plants

Kelly

2018

Molecular Biology and Evolution

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Genome and transcript sequences are composed of long strings of nucleotide monomers (A, C, G, and T/U) that require different quantities of nitrogen atoms for biosynthesis. Here, it is shown that the strength of selection acting on transcript nitrogen content is influenced by the amount of nitrogen plants require to conduct photosynthesis. Specifically, plants that require more nitrogen to conduct photosynthesis experience stronger selection on transcript sequences to use synonymous codons that cost less nitrogen to biosynthesize. It is further shown that the strength of selection acting on transcript nitrogen cost constrains molecular sequence evolution such that genes experiencing stronger selection evolve at a slower rate. Together these findings reveal that the plant molecular clock is set by photosynthetic efficiency, and provide a mechanistic explanation for changes in plant speciation rates that occur concomitant with improvements in photosynthetic efficiency and changes in the environment such as light, temperature, and atmospheric CO2 concentration.

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“…Sorghum bicolor ( Muchow and Sinclair 1994 ; Anten et al. 1995 ; Tominaga et al. 2015 ), Zea mays ( Muchow and Sinclair 1994 ; Lindquist and Mortensen 1999 ; Osaki et al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Amount of Nitrogen Used for Photosynthesis Modulates Molecular Evolution in Plants

Kelly

2018

Molecular Biology and Evolution

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“…Dwarf and close planting + soil moisture managements, as they effectively regulated environmental factors (e.g., soil and microclimate), can significantly improve the yield and quality of dintanensis (Figure 1; Table 5) (Hedlund, 2002; Q. Li et al., 2010). Dwarfing can reduce the overlapping and interlacing of branches, thus optimizing the crown structure, and then improve the photosynthetic efficiency and increase the accumulation of nutrients (Tominaga et al., 2015). Close planting can optimize the configuration of light, temperature, water, and other ecological resources by regulating canopy structure, which affects plant growth and productivity (Milosevic et al., 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Li et al, 2010). Dwarfing can reduce the overlapping and interlacing of branches, thus optimizing the crown structure, and then improve the photosynthetic efficiency and increase the accumulation of nutrients (Tominaga et al, 2015). Close planting can optimize the configuration of light, temperature, water, and other ecological resources by regulating canopy structure, which affects plant growth and productivity (Milosevic et al, 2015).…”

Section: Effects Of Dwarf and Close Planting + Soil Moisture Manageme...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Management practices effects on Zanthoxylum planispinum ‘dintanensis’ fruit quality

Song

2022

Agronomy Journal

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In this work, field control experiments were conducted to clarify the effects of three management practices (dwarf and close planting + no sprinkling irrigation (A1), dwarf and close planting + sprinkling irrigation (A2), and natural growth (CK) on the quality of pericarp of Zanthoxylum planispinum ‘dintanensis’ in a plantation setting in a rocky desertification area of Central Guizhou Province. The results showed that the ash concentration of A2 was the highest (6.70% ± 0.42%), yet there was no significant difference from A1 (6.60% ± 0.14%) and CK (6.65% ± 0.64%), and methionine and cystine were not detected (detection limits were 13.90 and 43.60 mg kg–1, respectively). A2 management could significantly promote the concentration of amino acids (P < .05); vitamin C was not detected (detection limit was 0.20 mg kg–1), vitamin E ranked as A2 > A1 > CK, and β‐carotene ranked as A1 > A2 > CK. There were significant differences among management treatments; A1, A2, and CK had no significant effect on trace elements. In conclusion, dwarf and close planting + sprinkling irrigation is an ideal management practice improving the quality of dintanensis.

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“…A vertical gradient of specific leaf N (SLN; leaf N/leaf area), that is, more N allocated to upper layers and less N to shaded underlayers (Hirose and Werger , Hasegawa , Tominaga et al. ), is a well‐known adaptive strategy for N distribution, so that canopy photosynthesis can be maximised with higher SLN in better‐illuminated leaf layers (Field ). Simulation model studies suggested that radiation use efficiency was higher in the canopies with non‐uniform SLN compared with those with uniform SLN by 1–20% or even more (Sinclair and Shiraiwa , Hammer and Wright ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particularly, the distribution of nitrogen (N) in a plant canopy is important as it is closely associated with photosynthesis and is the most required among all the elements for the growth of higher plants (Sinclair and Horie 1989). A vertical gradient of specific leaf N (SLN; leaf N/leaf area), that is, more N allocated to upper layers and less N to shaded underlayers (Hirose and Werger 1987a, Hasegawa 1999, Tominaga et al 2015, is a well-known adaptive strategy for N distribution, so that canopy photosynthesis can be maximised with higher SLN in better-illuminated leaf layers (Field 1983). Simulation model studies suggested that radiation use efficiency was higher in the canopies with non-uniform SLN compared with those with uniform SLN by 1-20% or even more Shiraiwa 1993, Hammer andWright 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canopy Architecture and Leaf Nitrogen Distribution of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Chronic Soil Water Deficit

Okami

Kato

Yamagishi

2016

J Agronomy Crop Science

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The development of vertical gradients of specific leaf nitrogen (SLN) in accordance with light gradients within a canopy is important for maximising resource‐use efficiency. In this study, we aimed to clarify the effect of chronic soil water deficit on the SLN gradient in rice. In a series of field experiments, SLN gradients of an indica cultivar and a tropical japonica cultivar were investigated under chronic soil water deficit. As a result, SLN gradient of an indica cultivar tended to be more uniform than that of a tropical japonica cultivar during the recovery period after dry spells under aerobic conditions: an indica cultivar distributed much N in shaded leaves while a japonica cultivar enhanced the SLN in the upper layers. We conclude that vertical gradient of SLN of indica cultivars becomes less optimal for photo‐assimilation under chronic soil water deficit, although they can take‐up sufficient amounts of N. This would be attributable to the rapid increase in tiller number upon rainfall or irrigation and prolonged tillering period for their recovery growth, leading to a more compact canopy architecture. The tillering habit in the current indica irrigated rice cultivars would be associated with the response of SLN gradients to chronic soil water deficit.

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Effects of Vertical Gradient of Leaf Nitrogen Content on Canopy Photosynthesis in Tall and Dwarf Cultivars of Sorghum

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

The Amount of Nitrogen Used for Photosynthesis Modulates Molecular Evolution in Plants

The Amount of Nitrogen Used for Photosynthesis Modulates Molecular Evolution in Plants

Management practices effects on Zanthoxylum planispinum ‘dintanensis’ fruit quality

Canopy Architecture and Leaf Nitrogen Distribution of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Chronic Soil Water Deficit

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