Effects of Vitamin E and Selenium Injections on Reproduction and Preweaning Lamb Survival in Ewes Consuming Diets Marginally Deficient in Selenium

Kott, R. W.; Ruttle, J. L.; Southward, G. Morris

doi:10.2527/jas1983.573553x

Cited by 34 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…30 In another study, ewes injected with Se subcutaneously (4 mg each month for 2 years) had increased preweaning survival of lambs. 31 Thus, these studies suggest that Se administration to sheep receiving marginally deficient dietary Se 31 or adequate dietary Se 30 improves the immune response, thereby raising their defenses to infectious agents, with subsequent effects on productivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Effect of Parenteral Selenium Administration to Sheep on Prevalence and Recovery from Footrot

Hall

Bailey

Thonstad

et al. 2009

Veterinary Internal Medicne

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Insufficient intake of selenium (Se) is common in many regions, and can contribute to increased susceptibility to and prolonged recovery from infectious diseases.Objective: To determine the effect of Se administration in decreasing the severity and prevalence of footrot in sheep. Animals: Thirty-eight footrot-affected and 19 nonaffected sheep from a commercial flock of known high incidence of footrot.Methods: Placebo-controlled, prospective, 15-month clinical trial. Footrot-affected sheep were randomly assigned into 2 groups (n 5 19) and injected with either 5 mg Se (footrot [FR]-Se) or saline (FR-Sal) at 1-month intervals for the duration of the study. Unaffected sheep (controls) received no treatment. Sheep feet were examined, trimmed, and scored for footrot with a scale of 0 (no footrot) to 4 (extensive) at 0, 3, 6, 9, and 15 months. Sheep were also bled at time 0 and then at 3, 6, and 15 months to assess whole blood Se concentrations.Results: At time 0, control sheep (255 AE 11 ng/mL) had higher (P o .05) whole blood Se concentrations compared with FRSe (205 AE 12 ng/mL) and FR-Sal (211 AE 14 ng/mL) sheep. By 6 months, FR-Se sheep (317 AE 9 ng/mL) had whole blood Se concentrations greater (P o .05) than both control (281 AE 14 ng/mL) and FR-Sal (277 AE 16 ng/mL) sheep. FR-Se ewes showed a faster decline in highest lesion score at 3 (P 5 .012) and 6 (P 5 .0036) months, and a greater decrease in the number of feet with foot score 40 at 6 (P 5 .020) months compared with FR-Sal ewes. Sheep with blood Se concentrations o300 ng/mL were at 3.5 times greater risk (1.1-12.1 confidence interval, odds ratio) for FR, although this relationship was only significant (P 5 .04) at 6 months of the study.Conclusions and Clinical Importance: In sheep with footrot, improved Se status in conjunction with routine control practices result in more rapid improvement of foot lesions.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Effect of Parenteral Selenium Administration to Sheep on Prevalence and Recovery from Footrot

Hall

Bailey

Thonstad

et al. 2009

Veterinary Internal Medicne

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Most studies first injected Se either before or shortly after mating. Kott et al (1983) gave monthly injections of sodium selenite (140 mg Se per day) throughout gestation that increased blood Se from approximately 40 to 160 mg Se/l. Thus control ewes were marginal in status.…”

Section: Ironmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most reports administered one or more injections of vitamin E by injection from about 4 weeks before the expected date of lambing. The exception was Kott et al (1983) who injected vitamin E at monthly intervals from mating (8.3 mg a-tocopherol per day) and observed an increase in lamb vigour. However, no data were given for vitamin E status of the ewes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential for improving physiological, behavioural and immunological responses in the neonatal lamb by trace element and vitamin supplementation of the ewe

Rooke¹,

Dwyer²,

Ashworth³

2008

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neonatal lamb mortality represents both a welfare issue (due to the considerable suffering and distress) and an important production inefficiency. In lambs, approximately 80% of mortality can be attributed to the starvation-mismothering-exposure complex and occurs in the first 3 days after birth. It was the object of this review to determine the micronutrient(s) most likely to have a positive effect on neonatal lamb survival when included above the requirement for that micronutrient. Micronutrients discussed were Co, Cu, I, Fe, Mn, Se, Zn, vitamins A and E and n-3 fatty acids. For Co, Fe, Mn and Zn, there was no evidence of positive responses to supplementation. Cu and I had toxicity thresholds that were sufficiently close to requirement that supplementing above requirement presented a risk of inducing toxicity. In the case of vitamin A, while serum concentrations indicated that sub-optimal status did exist, long-term buffering from liver stores (from grazing) makes experimentation difficult and practical benefits to supplementation unlikely. Therefore, the most likely candidates for supplementation were Se, vitamin E and fatty acids. Fatty acid supplementation with fish oils or docosahexaenoic acid-containing algal biomass consistently improved lamb vigour but it is unlikely that supplementation will be economic. Positive responses to Se supplementation throughout gestation were recorded. However, in many studies the Se status of control ewes was marginal and there is a need for more studies where control ewes are clearly adequate in Se. Positive responses to vitamin E supplementation above requirement in the last-third of gestation were observed but the optimum dietary inclusion of vitamin E and period of feeding during pregnancy still require clarification.Keywords: lamb mortality, sheep, supplementation, trace elements, vitamins IntroductionNeonatal lamb mortality is a significant welfare and production concern. Mortality of live-born offspring can be as high as 25%, which extrapolates to more than four million lamb deaths annually in the UK. Lamb mortality represents both a welfare issue (due to the considerable suffering and distress) and an important production inefficiency (Mellor and Stafford, 2004). In lambs, approximately 80% of mortality can be attributed to the starvation-mismotheringexposure complex and, as a consequence, the vast majority of pre-weaning deaths occur in the first 3 days after birth (Haughey, 1993). Thus the neonatal period is critical for ensuring pre-weaning survival. Since considerable technological and management changes have failed to improve these mortality figures, examining the behaviour and adaptations of the animals may be a more fruitful route to improving neonate survivability. The nutrition of the ewe is an important factor that may influence ewe and lamb behaviour and therefore survival of the lamb.Under-nutrition of the ewe has an important influence on the lamb at the extreme being manifested as intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR). The effects of under (and over)...

show abstract

“…Naziroglu et al 27 have shown that selenium, vitamin E, copper (both of which are antioxidants) magnesium and phosphorus are signi®cantly lower in the plasma of aborted ewes compared with non-aborted animals. The administration of selenium before mating and throughout the pregnancy increased selenium levels and the activity of glutathione-Px 26,28 , and dramatically reduced the incidence of barren ewes, while substantially increasing the percentage of lamb crop 29,30 . In humans the problem with reproductive performance is not so evident.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood selenium and glutathione peroxidases in miscarriage

Zachara

Dobrzyński

Trafikowska

et al. 2001

BJOG

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective To investigate the selenium glutathione and glutathione peroxidase (glutathione-Px) levels in blood in women who experience miscarriage.Design An observational study. Participants Forty women with miscarriage occurring in the ®rst and second trimesters.Methods Concentrations were measured in whole blood and plasma. Glutathione was measured in red cells and glutathione-Px activity was measured in the red cells and plasma. The results were compared with 36 women in the same period of viable pregnancy and 28 age-matched, healthy, non-pregnant controls.Results The selenium concentrations in whole blood and plasma of women following abortion were the same as in viable pregnancy, but were signi®cantly lower compared with controls. The glutathione levels were significantly higher in women with miscarriage compared with viable pregnancies and with non-pregnant women.Red cell and plasma glutathione-Px activities of women who had had a miscarriage were signi®cantly lower than in both normal pregnancies and the control group. ConclusionThe decreased activities of the antioxidant enzymes, red cell and plasma glutathione-Px, may play an important role in the aetrology of spontaneous abortion.

show abstract

Effects of Vitamin E and Selenium Injections on Reproduction and Preweaning Lamb Survival in Ewes Consuming Diets Marginally Deficient in Selenium

Cited by 34 publications

References 8 publications

Effect of Parenteral Selenium Administration to Sheep on Prevalence and Recovery from Footrot

Effect of Parenteral Selenium Administration to Sheep on Prevalence and Recovery from Footrot

The potential for improving physiological, behavioural and immunological responses in the neonatal lamb by trace element and vitamin supplementation of the ewe

Blood selenium and glutathione peroxidases in miscarriage

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About