Effects of voluntary slow breathing on heart rate and heart rate variability: A systematic review and a meta-analysis

Laborde, Sylvain; Allen, Mark S.; Dosseville, Fabrice; Hosang, Thomas; Iskra, Maša; Mosley, Emma; Salvotti, Caterina; Spolverato, L.; Zammit, Nina; Javelle, Florian

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104711

Cited by 94 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…However, this might be explained by the breathing frequency, which tends to be lower during diving (Hesser et al, 1990; Mummery et al, 2003; Salzano et al, 1984). Slow‐paced breathing has been found to have a strong effect on cardiac vagal activity (Laborde et al, 2017; Laborde et al, 2021; Laborde et al, 2022; Sevoz‐Couche & Laborde, 2022; Wells et al, 2012), and apnea is discussed to be a stronger trigger of the diving response than temperature (Foster & Sheel, 2005). The effect of breathing frequency might, therefore, have overshadowed the effect of water temperature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The diving response and cardiac vagal activity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2022

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In recent years, the diving response has received remarkable attention regarding improving mental health and well-being (Pubmed search "diving response" from 0 to 2010 = 125 articles, from 2011 to 2022 = 372 articles). This line of research has shown promising results, including reducing symptoms of depression, followed by a gradual reduction and eventually cessation of medication (van Tulleken et al., 2018), increases in well-being and positive

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The diving response and cardiac vagal activity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2022

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“…While this study focused on the effects of harmonic frequency breathing on blood pressure and autonomic balance, several studies have investigated how respiration affects other functions from a physiological or psychological perspective [ 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ]. One study showed that controlling breathing cycles to the harmonic breathing frequency of eight cycles per minute caused a decrease in anxiety levels compared with free respiration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Temporary Respiration Exercise with Individual Harmonic Frequency on Blood Pressure and Autonomic Balance

Mun

Park

Whang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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This study investigated the effects of modulated respiration on blood pressure and autonomic balance to develop a healthcare application system for stabilizing autonomic balance. Thirty-two participants were asked to perform self-regulated tasks with 18 different respiration sequences, and their electrocardiograms (ECG) and blood pressure were measured. Changes in cardiovascular system functions and blood pressure were compared between free-breathing and various respiration conditions. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures stabilized after individual harmonic breathing. Autonomic balance, characterized by heart rate variability, was also stabilized with brief respiration training according to harmonic frequency. Five machine-learning algorithms were used to classify the two opposing factors between the free and modulated breathing conditions. The random forest models outperformed the other classifiers in the training data of systolic blood pressure and heart rate variability. The mean areas under the curves (AUCs) were 0.82 for systolic blood pressure and 0.98 for heart rate variability. Our findings lend support that blood pressure and autonomic balance were improved by temporary harmonic frequency respiration. This study provides a self-regulated respiration system that can control and help stabilize blood pressure and autonomic balance, which would help reduce mental stress and enhance human task performance in various fields.

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“…One of the most effective methods to increase vmHRV is the voluntary slowing and pacing of one's breath, slow-paced breathing, to a frequency around 6 cycles per minute (Laborde et al, 2021(Laborde et al, , 2022Sevoz-Couche and Laborde, 2022), a technique that has also been referred to as HRV biofeedback (Lehrer et al, 2020).…”

Section: Vmhrv Enhancementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Editorial: Horizon 2030: Innovative Applications of Heart Rate Variability

et al. 2022

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Effects of voluntary slow breathing on heart rate and heart rate variability: A systematic review and a meta-analysis

Cited by 94 publications

References 42 publications

The diving response and cardiac vagal activity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

The diving response and cardiac vagal activity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Effects of Temporary Respiration Exercise with Individual Harmonic Frequency on Blood Pressure and Autonomic Balance

Editorial: Horizon 2030: Innovative Applications of Heart Rate Variability

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