Effects of X-radiation on the subcellular distribution of cholinergic enzymes in the developing rat cerebellum

Valcana, T.; Liao, CL; Timiras, Paola S.

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(74)91010-5

Cited by 24 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This result was endorsed by quantitative data on AChE and ChAT, which suggested a close relationship between the activities of the two enzymes in different regions of the rat cerebellum (Kasa and Silver, 1969; Kasa and Bansaghy, 1979). Electrophysiological (McCance and Phillis, 1964;Curtis and Crawford, 1965;Chapman and McCance, 1967;McCance, 1972), biochemical (Goldberg and McCaman, 1967;Vernadakis, 1973;Valcana et al, 1974; Gilad and Kopin, 1979), histochemical (Gerebtzoff, 1959;Friede and Fleming, 1964; Kasa and Csillik, 1965b;KAsa, 1967;Altman and Das, 1970;Kasa, 1975;1978), and imrnunocytochernical (Kan et al, 1978) investigations indicate that acetylcholine (ACh) may function as a transmitter in the cerebellum of mammals.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Postnatal Development of the Acetylcholine System in Different Parts of the Rat Cerebellum

Kása

Bánsághy

Rakonczay

et al. 1982

Journal of Neurochemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The components of the cholinergic nervous system, i.e., choline acetyltransferase, acetylcholinesterase, sodium‐dependent high‐affinity choline uptake, acetylcholine, and the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, in the developing archi‐ and paleocerebellum of the rat have been investigated by biochemical methods. A close correlation between the development of the different elements of the system has been demonstrated in the two areas. The cholinergic structure develops first in the archicerebellum, which displays high levels of choline acetyltransferase, acetylcholinesterase, acetylcholine, and sodium‐dependent high‐affinity choline uptake. The paleocerebellum receives a sparser cholinergic innervation during development. The differences in the values for these components in the cerebellum as a whole may reflect the development of cholinergic and noncholinergic neuronal structures. It is concluded that the development of the cholinergic system cannot be analyzed in the cerebellum as a whole; rather specific regions such as the archi‐, paleo‐, or neocerebellum must be examined.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Postnatal Development of the Acetylcholine System in Different Parts of the Rat Cerebellum

Kása

Bánsághy

Rakonczay

et al. 1982

Journal of Neurochemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…(133) Further radiation effects on neurotransmitter systems and associated enzymes have been studied in neonatally exposed rats, although partly at inadequately high dose levels. After irradiation with 5.0 Gy, there were increases in the activity and specific activity of acetylcholinesterase and choline acetyltransferase in the microsomal and synaptosomal fraction of cerebellum homogenates, whereas total cerebellar activity was depressed (Valcana et al, 1974). An imbalance between cholinergic and non-cholinergic elements, as well as an altered synaptogenesis arising from neuronal branching defects, was proposed as the possible cause.…”

Section: Neurotransmittersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological effects after prenatal irradiation (embryo and fetus)

Valentin¹

2003

Ann ICRP

124

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In its 1990 recommendations, the ICRP considered the radiation risks after exposure during prenatal development. This report is a critical review of new experimental animal data on biological effects and evaluations of human studies after prenatal radiation published since the 1990 recommendations.Thus, the report discusses the effects after radiation exposure during pre-implantation, organogenesis, and fetogenesis. The aetiology of long-term effects on brain development is discussed, as well as evidence from studies in man on the effects of in-utero radiation exposure on neurological and mental processes. Animal studies of carcinogenic risk from in-utero radiation and the epidemiology of childhood cancer are discussed, and the carcinogenic risk to man from in-utero radiation is assessed. Open questions and needs for future research are elaborated.The report reiterates that the mammalian embryo and fetus are highly radiosensitive. The nature and sensitivity of induced biological effects depend upon dose and developmental stage at irradiation. The various effects, as studied in experimental systems and in man, are discussed in detail. It is concluded that the findings in the report strengthen and supplement the 1990 recommendations of the ICRP.

show abstract

Postnatal development of cholinergic neurotransmitter enzymes in the mouse cerebellum. Biochemical, light microscopic and electron microscopic cytochemical investigations

Olschowka¹,

Vijayan²

1980

J of Comparative Neurology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The activity and distribution of the cholinergic neurotransmitter enzymes acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and choline acetyltransferase (ChAc) in the developing cerebellum of the mouse were investigated using biochemical assays and light microscopic histochemistry for AChE and ChAc, and electron microscopic histochemistry for AChE. Postnatal alterations in the levels of AChE and ChAc in the cerebellum of the mouse are characterized by a divergent pattern. During the first two postnatal weeks, AChE activity increases progressively, whereas ChAc activity remains low. Beyond day 14, when AChE activity is steady or gradually decreasing, ChAc increases sharply to reach a peak on day 32. Histochemically, AChE activity is associated with the glomeruli and the Golgi cells of the internal granular layer, the medullary layer, and the deep cerebellar nuclei. Purkinje cells exhibit transient staining between days 2 and 9. At the structural level, AChE staining is first demonstrated on day 6 within the Golgi cell soma, on day 9 at the mossy fiber-granule cell synapse, and on day 11 at the Golgi terminal-granule cell synapse. The staining intensity of these structures reaches that of the adult on day 19. The histochemical reaction for ChAc is localized to moderate number of presumed Bergmann glial cells, a few large cells of the deep cerebellar nuclei, small numbers of Golgi cells, and all immature Purkinje cells. The molecular distribution of ChAc sharply contrasts with the localization established by other methods previously and is interpreted in the light of the drawbacks of the histochemical procedure. The biochemical fluctuations in AChE activity, correlated with the histochemical and cytochemical data, suggest that the postnatal increases in the enzyme are related to the ingrowth of the mossy fibers and to the maturation of the AChE-positive Golgi cells. Histochemical evidence for the correlation between the ontogenetic increases in cerebellar ChAc activity and progressive mossy fiber innervation must await the application of the immunohistochemical method to the developing cerebellum.

show abstract

Effects of X-radiation on the subcellular distribution of cholinergic enzymes in the developing rat cerebellum

Cited by 24 publications

References 19 publications

Postnatal Development of the Acetylcholine System in Different Parts of the Rat Cerebellum

Postnatal Development of the Acetylcholine System in Different Parts of the Rat Cerebellum

Biological effects after prenatal irradiation (embryo and fetus)

Postnatal development of cholinergic neurotransmitter enzymes in the mouse cerebellum. Biochemical, light microscopic and electron microscopic cytochemical investigations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About