Effects of yeast products on the intestinal morphology, barrier function, cytokine expression, and antioxidant system of weaned piglets

Yang, Huansheng; Wu, Fei; Long, Lina; Li, Tiejun; Xiong, Xia; Liao, Peng; Liu, Hong-nan; Yin, Yulong

doi:10.1631/jzus.b1500192

Cited by 46 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Villi are important structures in the small intestine, which is involved mainly in nutrient absorption (Yang et al, 2016). The gastrointestinal tissues are the tissues that are primarily affected in animals infected with Salmonella.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper-modified palygorskite is effective in preventing and treating diarrhea caused by Salmonella typhimurium

Yao

et al. 2017

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Abstract:The aim of this research was to develop effective alternative therapies to reduce antibiotic use in animal agriculture. In this study, the efficacy of copper-modified palygorskite (CM-Pal) in preventing diarrhea caused by Salmonella was specifically examined both in vitro and in vivo. The CM-Pal was prepared with palygorskite (Pal) and copper nitrate. The antibacterial activity of the CM-Pal was detected by comparing the differences in cell numbers on plate count agar before and after adding the CM-Pal to Salmonella typhimurium cultures. Seventy ICR mice were then allocated into seven groups. Five groups (the treatment groups) were infected with S. typhimurium by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection and were given Pal, CM-Pal, montmorillonite powder, gentamicin, and physiological saline, respectively. One group (the prevention group) was given CM-Pal before infection with S. typhimurium. Another group (the uninfected group) was not infected with S. typhimurium. The effects of Pal, CM-Pal, montmorillonite powder, and gentamicin on the treatment or prevention of diarrhea in the mice were examined by stool studies, fecal scoring, and assessment of growth performance and villus height. The CM-Pal had satisfactory anti-bacterial properties in vitro: the antibacterial rate was 100% after 2 h incubation with S. typhimurium NJS1 cultures (1×10 6 colony-forming units (CFU)/ml). In the in vivo experiment, the CM-Pal exerted superior effects in the treatment and prevention of diarrhea in mice compared with Pal, montmorillonite powder, and gentamicin. In the CM-Pal group, no mice showed signs of diarrhea at 24 h post infection (p.i.), and all mice fully recovered from infection. However, the Pal group, montmorillonite group, and gentamicin group only recovered after 48, 48, and 96 h, respectively. The villus height level in the CM-Pal treatment group recovered at 3 d p.i. However, the recovery time of the other groups was longer (at least 5 d). The CM-Pal prevention group had a better effect on weight gain than the other groups. This study suggested that CM-Pal may be an effective alternative to conventional antibiotics for the treatment and prevention of animal diarrhea caused by Salmonella.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper-modified palygorskite is effective in preventing and treating diarrhea caused by Salmonella typhimurium

Yao

et al. 2017

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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“…All RNA samples were reverse transcribed into cDNA using the Superscript First-Strand Synthesis System (Invitrogen Life Technologies). The cDNA samples were then tested for the expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha ( TNF-α ) , interleukin 22 ( IL-22 ) , interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 1β ( IL-1β ) by real-time PCR performed as previously described [33]. Results were normalized to β-actin expression and relative quantification was calculated using the 2 −ΔΔCT method.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effect of chicken egg yolk immunoglobulins (IgY) against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 adhesion in weaned piglets

Wang

et al. 2019

BMC Vet Res

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Background Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 ( E. coli K88) are considered as a major cause of diarrhea and death in newly weaned piglets. Oral passive immunization with chicken egg yolk immunoglobulins (IgY) have attracted considerable attention for treatment of gastrointestinal infection due to its high specificity. In this study it was estimated the protective effect of anti-K88 fimbriae IgY against E. coli K88 adhesion to piglet intestinal mucus in vitro and to investigate the potential use of IgY for controlling E. coli -induced diarrhea in weaned piglets in vivo. Results E. coli K88 was incubated with IgY for 24 h, and the bacterial growth profiles showed that specific IgY with a concentration higher than 5 mg/mL was observed to significantly inhibit the growth of E. coli K88 compared to nonspecific yolk powder in a liquid medium. Moreover, pretreatment with 50 mg/mL of IgY was found to significantly decrease the adhesion ability of E. coli K88 to porcine jejunal and ileal mucus, further supported by the observations from our immunofluorescence microscopic analysis. In vivo, administration of IgY successfully protected piglets from diarrhea caused by E. coli K88 challenge. Additionally, IgY treatment efficiently alleviated E. coli -induced intestinal inflammation in piglets as the gene expression levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-22, IL-6 and IL-1β in IgY-treated piglets remained unchanged after E. coli K88 infection. Furthermore, IgY significantly prevented E. coli K88 adhering to the jejunal and ileal mucosa of piglets with E. coli infection and significantly decreased E. coli and enterotoxin expression in colonic contents. Conclusion Outcome of the study demonstrated that IgY against the fimbrial antigen K88 was able to significantly inhibit the growth of E. coli K88, block the binding of E. coli to small intestinal mucus, and protect piglets from E. coli -induced diarrhea. These results indicate that passive immunization with IgY may be useful to prevent bacterial colonization and to control enteric diseases due to E. coli infection. The study has great clinical implication to provide alternative therapy to antibiotics in E coli induced diarrhea. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-019-1958-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…On day 0, 1, 3, 7 and 14 after weaning, eight pigs per time point were weighed and randomly selected to euthanize for sampling as previously described (Yang, Wu, Long, et al, ). Briefly, the abdomen of euthanized piglets was opened and the colon was isolated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The production of short chain fatty acid and colonic development in weaning piglets

Shi

Zhang

et al. 2019

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Weaning process widely affects the small intestinal structure and function in piglets, while the responses of large intestine to weaning stress are still obscure. The purpose of this study was to determine the developmental changes (i.e., short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentrations, growth parameters, crypt‐related indices and antioxidant capacity) in colon of piglet during weaning. Forty piglets were weaned at day 21 and euthanized to collect colonic tissues and digesta samples on day 0, 1, 3, 7 and 14 post‐weaning (n = 8). Piglet growth performance was improved (p < .001) on day 7 and 14 post‐weaning. The concentrations of acetate, propionate, butyrate, valerate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and total SCFAs were higher (p < .001) during the late post‐weaning period. The mRNA abundances of SCFAs transporters were greater (p < .001) on day 7 and 14. The absolute and relative weights, absolute length and perimeter of colon were greater (p < .001) on day 7 and 14. Similarly, post‐weaning increases (p < .001) in colonic crypt depth and Ki67 positive cells numbers per crypt were observed during the same period. Colonic crypt fission indices decreased (p < .01), while total crypt numbers increased (p < .001) on day 14 after weaning. Moreover, total SCFAs concentration was significantly associated with colonic growth parameters and Ki67 cells/crypt (p < .001). In addition, catalase content was decreased on day 3, 7, and 14, whereas, the concentrations of total superoxide dismutase (T‐SOD) and manganese‐containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) were higher (p < .05) on day 1 and 3 post‐weaning. These results showed that weaning process has a significant effect on colonic growth and development, which might be associated with the change of SCFAs concentrations in colon.

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Effects of yeast products on the intestinal morphology, barrier function, cytokine expression, and antioxidant system of weaned piglets

Cited by 46 publications

References 41 publications

Copper-modified palygorskite is effective in preventing and treating diarrhea caused by Salmonella typhimurium

Copper-modified palygorskite is effective in preventing and treating diarrhea caused by Salmonella typhimurium

Protective effect of chicken egg yolk immunoglobulins (IgY) against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 adhesion in weaned piglets

The production of short chain fatty acid and colonic development in weaning piglets

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