Effects of zinc addition to silica supported copper catalysts for the hydrogenolysis of esters

Scheur, Frank Th. van de; Staal, L.H.

doi:10.1016/0926-860x(94)85181-6

Cited by 48 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The quantitative use of ZnO to cover the Cu clusters provides maximal metal-promoter interaction, and might explain the optimal Zn content of ca. 5 wt % found for this catalyst for ester hydrogenolysis and methanol synthesis [11].…”

Section: Comparison With Leis Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The conclusion from this and other work [9][10][11] is that the Cu-ZnO interface is crucial for the activation of carbonyl functions towards hydrogenation, possibly involving stabilisation of Cu 1+ [4]. In a recent Low Energy Ion Scattering study, Jansen et al…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DTG profiles were calculated to monitor the reduction process; as can be seen from The main reduction peak of the promoted Cu/ZnO/SiO 2 catalyst is broader and found at a higher temperature of 450 K; this phenomenon is ascribed to interaction with ZnO, and has been reported to increase with the ZnO loading [11]. The pronounced tail is attributed to the progressive partial reduction of ZnO.…”

Section: Thermogravimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Silica supported catalysts are well suited to investigate Cu/ZnO interaction, because of the large surface area and the relatively mild chemical interaction with Cu and ZnO as compared to alumina. The loading of the support was chosen in conformity with the composition of the highly active catalyst for ester hydrogenolysis and methanol synthesis investigated previously [11]. Moreover, the low Cu loading guarantees that sintering of the metal particles can be ruled out as much as possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of the reduction temperature on the structure of Cu/ZnO/SiO2 catalysts for methanol synthesis

Batyrev

Heuvel

Beckers

et al. 2005

Journal of Catalysis

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The effect of the reduction temperature on the structure of Cu/ZnO/SiO2 catalysts for methanol synthesis Batyrev, E.; van den Heuvel, J.C.; Beckers, J.; Jansen, W.P.A.; Castricum, H.L. General rightsIt is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulationsIf you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Abstract: The structure of Cu/SiO 2 and Cu/ZnO/SiO 2 catalysts was studied after reduction at 450-1300 K. The influence of the ZnO promoter on the exposed Cu surface area and metal cluster size was determined by N 2 O chemisorption and X-ray diffraction. After reduction at 450 K, the metal surface area amounted to 9 m 2 /g cat for both catalysts. Oxygen uptake during N 2 O chemisorption increased significantly up to reduction temperatures of 800-900 K. This increase was most prominent for the ZnO-promoted catalyst, although no oxygen uptake was observed for a similarly treated ZnO/SiO 2 sample. The behaviour of the promoted catalyst can be explained by formation of Zn 0 , surface alloying, and segregation of ZnO x species on top of Cu clusters. The high thermostability of the catalysts was confirmed by in-situ XRD measurements. The Cu crystallite size in both catalysts was about 4 nm, and did not increase when the reduction temperature was raised to 1100 K for 1 hour.

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Section: Comparison With Leis Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermogravimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of the reduction temperature on the structure of Cu/ZnO/SiO2 catalysts for methanol synthesis

Batyrev

Heuvel

Beckers

et al. 2005

Journal of Catalysis

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“…Hydrogenation of the produced acetoacetate ester to directly yield butanol had not been previously reported in the scientific literature but similar hydrogenation processes using supported Cu(0) catalysts have been reported, particularly in the reduction of highly oxidized species such as low-molecular weight esters, glycerol, dimethyl maleate, and carbon dioxide (Figure 6) (van de Scheur and Staal, 1994;Brands et al, 1999;Schlander and Turek, 1999;Bienholz et al, 2011).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration of CO2 Conversion to Synthetic Transport Fuel at Flue Gas Concentrations

Dowson

Styring

2017

Front. Energy Res.

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Alcohols, Higher Aliphatic, Survey and Natural Alcohols Manufacture

Kenneally

2001

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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The monohydric aliphatic alcohols of six or more carbon atoms are generally referred to as higher alcohols. Historically, the higher alcohols were derived from natural fats, oils, and waxes and were called fatty alcohols, but now similar alcohols are widely available from synthetic processes using petrochemical feedstocks. Although the natural and synthetic alcohols are used interchangeably for many applications, for some applications the distinction still remains. The detergent range alcohols are used mainly as sulfate, ethoxy, and ethoxysulfate derivatives in a wide variety of detergent and surfactant applications. Most higher alcohols of commercial importance are primary alcohols; secondary alcohols have more limited specialty uses. Typical reactions of the higher alcohols include esterification, sulfation, etherification, halogenation, dehydration, oxidation, and amination. In the United States, most detergent range alcohol production is by synthetic processes. Most manufacturers sell a portion of their alcohol product on the merchant market, retaining a portion for internal use, typically for the manufacture of plasticizers. The higher alcohols are among the less toxic of commonly used chemicals. Fatty alcohols are produced by hydrogenolysis of methyl esters or fatty acids in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst. There are three principal hydrogenolysis processes in worldwide use. Each process typically uses a copper chromite or copper‐zinc catalyst that is modified to meet the needs of the individual producer. The detergent range alcohols and their derivatives have a wide variety of uses in consumer and industrial products. The major use is as surfactants in detergents and cleaning products. They also are used extensively in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. The plasticizer range alcohols are utilized primarily in plasticizers, but they also have a wide range of other uses.

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Effects of zinc addition to silica supported copper catalysts for the hydrogenolysis of esters

Cited by 48 publications

References 30 publications

The effect of the reduction temperature on the structure of Cu/ZnO/SiO2 catalysts for methanol synthesis

The effect of the reduction temperature on the structure of Cu/ZnO/SiO2 catalysts for methanol synthesis

Demonstration of CO2 Conversion to Synthetic Transport Fuel at Flue Gas Concentrations

Alcohols, Higher Aliphatic, Survey and Natural Alcohols Manufacture

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