Effects of Zinc Supplementation and Deficiency on Bone Metabolism and Related Gene Expression in Rat

Abstract

One hundred male rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 25) and fed a Zn-adequate diet (ZA, 46.39 mg/kg), Zn-deficient diet (ZD, 3.20 mg/kg), Zn-overdose diet (ZO, 234.39 mg/kg), or were pair-fed a Zn-adequate diet (PF) for 5 weeks, respectively. The body weight, femur weight, and activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were reduced in the ZD group but were increased in the ZO group. Zn concentrations in both liver and femur were elevated in the ZO group, whereas femur Zn was decreased in the ZD group. The concentrations of calcium and phosphorus were lower in the ZD than those in other groups. Serum calcium concentration was decreased in the ZD. The relative expression level of ALP was decreased in both ZD and PF, and no significant differences were observed between ZO and ZA. Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) mRNA level was reduced in the ZD but unchanged in the ZO and PF group. Zn deficiency also decreased ALP mRNA level as compared with that of PF group. Carbonic anhydrase II mRNA level was not affected by Zn. Nevertheless, dietary Zn influenced the growth, bone metabolism, and expression of IGF-I and ALP in male growing rats.

A Mouse Model of Acrodermatitis Enteropathica: Loss of Intestine Zinc Transporter ZIP4 (Slc39a4) Disrupts the Stem Cell Niche and Intestine Integrity

“…On day 6 the tibia and quadriceps muscle from the Zip4 -intestine knockout mice weigh 43 to 50% less than controls while body weight has decreased 23 to 30% relative to littermate controls (n = 4–5; p<0.007). Much of the weight loss involves loss of muscle and bone mass as has been reported to occur during dietary zinc deficiency [14]. Thus, knocking out the intestine Zip4 gene causes a switch from anabolic to catabolic metabolism in these mice.…”

Effects of proteinate complex zinc on growth performance, hepatic and splenic trace elements concentrations, antioxidative function and immune functions in weaned piglets

“…The ALP plays a key role in skeletal development and, therefore, has direct effects on growth performance of animals [16]. Sun et al [21] reported ALP activity in the plasma of Zn deficient rats was significantly decreased compared with Zn supplemented rats. It has also been reported that the ALP activity of pigs fed dietary chitosan-Zn chelate was greater than the activity in pigs fed Zn deficient diets [7].…”

Beneficial impact of zinc supplementation on the collagen in the bone tissue of cadmium‐exposed rats

“…Zn has been considered as an important element in bone metabolism because of its stimulatory effect on the growth and mineralization of bone and an inhibitory effect on the bone resorption (Ferreira et al, 2017;Hadley et al, 2010;Liu et al, 2017;Sun et al, 2011;Yamaguchi & Weitzmann, 2011). This bioelement can increase bone mass and therefore may play an important role in the prevention of bone loss and osteoporosis (Sun et al, 2011;Yamaguchi, 2010). It has been also reported that Zn deficiency affects biosynthesis and degradation of collagen (Alcantara et al, 2011;McClain, Wiley, Beecher, Anthony, & Hsu, 1973;Starcher, Hill, & Madaras, 1980).…”

“…Zn plays an important role in the proper bone growth, development and maintenance of healthy bones in human and animals (Boughammoura et al, 2017;Ferreira et al, 2017;Hadley, Newman, & Hunt, 2010;Liu, Li, Jia, & Li, 2017;Sun, Wang, Zi, Jing, & Weng, 2011;Yamaguchi, 2010). It promotes bone formation by stimulating the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, and improves osteoblastic bone mineralization by activating alkaline phosphatase and stimulating collagen synthesis (Hadley et al, 2010;Liang et al, 2012;Sun et al, 2011;Yamaguchi & Weitzmann, 2011). Moreover, it suppresses the differentiation of osteoclasts, inhibiting bone resorption (Hadley et al, 2010;Yamaguchi & Weitzmann, 2011).…”